How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry, sentence 2

Mimicry is a different trick: a harmless animal copies a dangerous one, like the hoverfly dressed as a wasp, or copies something nobody wants to eat, like the caterpillar dressed as a bird dropping.

Who acts: Mimicry, harmless animal, nobody · What happens: be, copy, dress, want, eat · To what, where: different trick, dangerous one, hoverfly, something, caterpillar

This is a sentence of the lesson «How animals hide: camouflage and mimicry» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mimicry, harmless animal, nobody), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mimicry	mimicry	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 trick	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 trick	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 trick	det
4	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 trick	amod
5	trick	trick	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 copies	punct
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 animal	det
8	harmless	harmless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 animal	amod
9	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 copies	nsubj
10	copies	copy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 trick	parataxis
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 one	det
12	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 one	amod
13	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 copies	obj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 hoverfly	punct
15	like	like	ADP	_	17 hoverfly	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 hoverfly	det
17	hoverfly	hoverfly	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 copies	obl
18	dressed	dress	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 hoverfly	acl
19	as	as	ADP	_	21 wasp	case
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 wasp	det
21	wasp	wasp	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 dressed	obl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 copies	punct
23	or	or	CCONJ	_	24 copies	cc
24	copies	copy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 copies	conj
25	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	29 eat	obj
26	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	27 wants	nsubj
27	wants	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 copies	acl:relcl
28	to	to	PART	_	29 eat	mark
29	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	27 wants	xcomp
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 caterpillar	punct
31	like	like	ADP	_	33 caterpillar	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 caterpillar	det
33	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 eat	obl
34	dressed	dress	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	33 caterpillar	acl
35	as	as	ADP	_	38 dropping	case
36	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	38 dropping	det
37	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 dropping	compound
38	dropping	dropping	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 dressed	obl
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 trick	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Mimicry	a different trick		tree rules
2	copy	present	a harmless animal	a dangerous one	like the hoverfly	vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme
3	dress	participle		the hoverfly not said here	as a wasp	vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	copy	present	a harmless animal not said here			vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
5	want	present	nobody			vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
6	eat not said to happen	to-infinitive	nobody not said here	something	like the caterpillar	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient
7	dress	participle		the caterpillar not said here	as a bird dropping	vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:051-how-animals-hide.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/51-how-animals-hide/2/