Sleep and hibernation, sentence 14

Children of 9 to 10 need about 9 to 12 hours of sleep a night; during sleep the body grows and repairs itself, and the brain sorts memories; bright light from a screen before bed tells the brain it is still daytime, so sleep comes harder.

Who acts: Children, body, brain, bright light, light, sleep · What happens: need, grow, repair, sort, tell, be · To what, where: body, memories, brain · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Sleep and hibernation» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Children, body, brain, bright light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 need	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	1 Children	case
3	9	9	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	1 Children	nmod
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 10	case
5	10	10	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 9	nmod
6	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	about	about	ADV	_	8 9	advmod
8	9	9	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	11 hours	nummod
9	to	to	ADP	_	10 12	case
10	12	12	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	11 hours	nummod
11	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 need	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 sleep	case
13	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 hours	nmod
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 night	det
15	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 need	obl:unmarked
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	6 need	punct
17	during	during	ADP	_	18 sleep	case
18	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 grows	obl
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 body	det
20	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 grows	nsubj
21	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 need	parataxis
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 repairs	cc
23	repairs	repair	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 grows	conj
24	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	21 grows	obj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 sorts	punct
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 sorts	cc
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 brain	det
28	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 sorts	nsubj
29	sorts	sort	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 grows	conj
30	memories	memory	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 sorts	obj
31	;	;	PUNCT	_	33 light	punct
32	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 light	amod
33	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 tells	nsubj
34	from	from	ADP	_	36 screen	case
35	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	36 screen	det
36	screen	screen	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 light	nmod
37	before	before	ADP	_	38 bed	case
38	bed	bed	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 tells	obl
39	tells	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 sorts	advcl
40	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	41 brain	det
41	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 tells	obj
42	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	45 daytime	nsubj
43	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	45 daytime	cop
44	still	still	ADV	_	45 daytime	advmod
45	daytime	daytime	ADJ	Degree=Pos	39 tells	ccomp
46	,	,	PUNCT	_	48 sleep	punct
47	so	so	ADV	_	49 comes	advmod
48	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 comes	nsubj
49	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	45 daytime	advcl
50	harder	hard	ADV	Degree=Cmp	49 comes	advmod
51	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 need	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	Children 9 to 10		hour; night		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot
2	grow	present	the body	body	during sleep		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location itself=Theme
3	repair	present	the body not said here				vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent
4	sort	present	the brain	memories			vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent memory=Theme
5	tell speech: assert	present	bright light from a screen	the brain	before bed		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent brain=Recipient
6	is	present	light		still	daytime property	tree rules
7	come	present	sleep			hard property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:055-sleep-and-hibernation.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/55-sleep-and-hibernation/14/