Sleep and hibernation, sentence 17
Waking up from hibernation burns a lot of stored fat that has to last the winter, and there is no food to replace it, so hibernating hedgehogs, bats and tortoises must be left alone.
Who acts: Waking, stored fat, food · What happens: wake up, burn, store, have, last, be · To what, where: hibernation, lot, food, hibernating hedgehogs
This is a sentence of the lesson «Sleep and hibernation» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Waking, stored fat, food), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Waking | wake | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 burns | csubj |
| 2 | up | up | ADP | _ | 1 Waking | compound:prt |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 4 hibernation | case |
| 4 | hibernation | hibernation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Waking | obl |
| 5 | burns | burn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 lot | det |
| 7 | lot | lot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 burns | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 fat | case |
| 9 | stored | store | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 fat | amod |
| 10 | fat | fat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lot | nmod |
| 11 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 has | nsubj |
| 12 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 fat | acl:relcl |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 last | mark |
| 14 | last | last | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 has | xcomp |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 winter | det |
| 16 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 last | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 is | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 is | cc |
| 19 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 20 is | expl |
| 20 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 burns | conj |
| 21 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 22 food | det |
| 22 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 is | nsubj |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 replace | mark |
| 24 | replace | replace | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 food | acl |
| 25 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 replace | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 hibernating | punct |
| 27 | so | so | ADV | _ | 36 left | advmod |
| 28 | hibernating | hibernate | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 29 hedgehogs | amod |
| 29 | hedgehogs | hedgehog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 left | nsubj:pass |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 bats | punct |
| 31 | bats | bat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 hedgehogs | conj |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 tortoises | cc |
| 33 | tortoises | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 hedgehogs | conj |
| 34 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 left | aux |
| 35 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 36 left | aux:pass |
| 36 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 burns | parataxis |
| 37 | alone | alone | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 left | xcomp |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 burns | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wake up | gerund | hibernation | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | burn | present | Waking | a lot of stored fat | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent lot=Theme | ||||
| 3 | store | participle | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | have | present | stored fat | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | last | to-infinitive | stored fat not said here | winter | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | be | present | no food | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | replace | to-infinitive | no food not said here | food | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme | ||||
| 8 | hibernate | gerund | vn fit-54.3 «NP.location V NP»: agent=Location | ||||||
| 9 | leave | must · passive | hibernating hedgehogs and bats and tortoises | alone property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:055-sleep-and-hibernation.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×4. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/55-sleep-and-hibernation/17/