Roots, stems and leaves, sentence 12

Nettle hairs have glass-like tips that snap off and inject stinging chemicals; the sting stops grazing animals, so few animals eat nettles, and cooking destroys it.

Who acts: Nettle hairs, like tips, sting, few animals, cooking · What happens: have, snap off, inject, sting, stop, graze · To what, where: like tips, stinging chemicals, grazing animals, nettles, nettle

This is a sentence of the lesson «Roots, stems and leaves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nettle hairs, like tips, sting, few animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nettle	nettle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 hairs	compound
2	hairs	hair	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 like	compound
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 glass	punct
6	like	like	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 tips	amod
7	tips	tip	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	obj
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 snap	nsubj
9	snap	snap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 tips	acl:relcl
10	off	off	ADP	_	9 snap	compound:prt
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 inject	cc
12	inject	inject	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 snap	conj
13	stinging	sting	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 chemicals	amod
14	chemicals	chemical	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 inject	obj
15	;	;	PUNCT	_	18 stops	punct
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 sting	det
17	sting	sting	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 stops	nsubj
18	stops	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 have	parataxis
19	grazing	graze	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	20 animals	amod
20	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 stops	obj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 eat	punct
22	so	so	ADV	_	25 eat	advmod
23	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 animals	amod
24	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 eat	nsubj
25	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 stops	parataxis
26	nettles	nettle	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 eat	obj
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 destroys	punct
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 cooking	cc
29	cooking	cooking	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 destroys	nsubj
30	destroys	destroy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 eat	conj
31	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 destroys	obj
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 have	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	have	present	Nettle hairs	like tips	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tip=Patient
2	snap off	present	like tips		vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	inject	present	like tips not said here	stinging chemicals	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chemical=Patient
4	sting	gerund			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
5	stop	present	the sting	grazing animals	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality animal=Eventuality
6	graze	gerund			vn dine-39.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
7	eat	present	few animals	nettles	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nettle=Patient
8	destroy	present	cooking	nettle	vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:057-roots-stems-and-leaves.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/57-roots-stems-and-leaves/12/