Roots, stems and leaves, sentence 13
An onion is a bulb whose layers are swollen leaves storing food for next year's growth.
Who acts: onion, leaves, next year · What happens: be, swell, store, grow · To what, where: bulb, layers, food
This is a sentence of the lesson «Roots, stems and leaves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (onion, leaves, next year), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 onion | det |
| 2 | onion | onion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 bulb | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 bulb | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 bulb | det |
| 5 | bulb | bulb | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 7 layers | nmod:poss |
| 7 | layers | layer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 swollen | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 swollen | aux:pass |
| 9 | swollen | swell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 bulb | acl:relcl |
| 10 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 swollen | obj |
| 11 | storing | store | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 leaves | acl |
| 12 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 storing | obj |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 17 growth | case |
| 14 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 year | amod |
| 15 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 growth | nmod:poss |
| 16 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 15 year | case |
| 17 | growth | growth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 storing | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 bulb | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a onion | a bulb | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | swell | present · passive | layers | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | store | gerund | leaves not said here | food | for next year's growth | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme | |||
| 4 | grow | next year | nom growth «process intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:057-roots-stems-and-leaves.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/57-roots-stems-and-leaves/13/