Roots, stems and leaves, sentence 15

The sensitive plant, Mimosa pudica, folds its leaves within seconds when touched, as water rushes out of cells at the base of each leaf; plants have no nerves or muscles.

Who acts: sensitive plant, water, plants · What happens: fold, touch, rush out, have · To what, where: leaves, base, cells, nerves

This is a sentence of the lesson «Roots, stems and leaves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sensitive plant, water, plants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 plant	det
2	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 plant	amod
3	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 folds	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 pudica	punct
5	Mimosa	Mimosa	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 pudica	compound
6	pudica	pudica	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 plant	appos
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 folds	punct
8	folds	fold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 leaves	nmod:poss
10	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 folds	obj
11	within	within	ADP	_	12 seconds	case
12	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 folds	obl
13	when	when	SCONJ	_	14 touched	mark
14	touched	touch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 folds	advcl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 rushes	punct
16	as	as	SCONJ	_	18 rushes	mark
17	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 rushes	nsubj
18	rushes	rush	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 folds	advcl
19	out	out	ADP	_	21 cells	case
20	of	of	ADP	_	21 cells	case
21	cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 rushes	obl
22	at	at	ADP	_	24 base	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 base	det
24	base	base	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 touched	obl
25	of	of	ADP	_	27 leaf	case
26	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	27 leaf	det
27	leaf	leaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 base	nmod
28	;	;	PUNCT	_	30 have	punct
29	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 have	nsubj
30	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 folds	parataxis
31	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	32 nerves	det
32	nerves	nerve	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 have	obj
33	or	or	CCONJ	_	34 muscles	cc
34	muscles	muscle	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 nerves	conj
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 folds	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	fold	present	the sensitive plant	plant's leaves		second	vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient
2	touch	participle	the sensitive plant not said here		the base of each leaf		vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	rush out	present	water	cells			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme cell=Trajectory
4	have	present	plants	no nerves or muscles			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nerve=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:057-roots-stems-and-leaves.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/57-roots-stems-and-leaves/15/