Roots, stems and leaves, sentence 2

Tie a plastic bag over a leafy branch on a sunny day and it fogs up inside: that water came up from the roots and escaped through tiny holes in the leaves called stomata.

Who acts: you, bag, water, leaves · What happens: tie, fog up, come up, escape, call · To what, where: plastic bag, leafy branch, roots, tiny holes, stomata · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Roots, stems and leaves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, bag, water, leaves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tie	tie	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 bag	det
3	plastic	plastic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 bag	amod
4	bag	bag	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Tie	obj
5	over	over	ADP	_	8 branch	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 branch	det
7	leafy	leafy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 branch	amod
8	branch	branch	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Tie	obl
9	on	on	ADP	_	12 day	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 day	det
11	sunny	sunny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 day	amod
12	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Tie	obl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 fogs	cc
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 fogs	nsubj
15	fogs	fog	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Tie	conj
16	up	up	ADP	_	15 fogs	compound:prt
17	inside	inside	ADV	_	15 fogs	advmod
18	:	:	PUNCT	_	15 fogs	punct
19	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	20 water	det
20	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 came	nsubj
21	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 fogs	ccomp
22	up	up	ADV	_	21 came	advmod
23	from	from	ADP	_	25 roots	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 roots	det
25	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 came	obl
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 escaped	cc
27	escaped	escape	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 came	conj
28	through	through	ADP	_	30 holes	case
29	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 holes	amod
30	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 escaped	obl
31	in	in	ADP	_	33 leaves	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 leaves	det
33	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 holes	nmod
34	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	33 leaves	acl
35	stomata	stomata	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 called	xcomp
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Tie	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tie	imperative	you not said here	a plastic bag	a leafy branch	day		vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bag=Patient
2	fog up	present	bag				inside property	tree rules
3	come up	past	that water		the roots			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from root=Initial_Location
4	escape	past	that water not said here		tiny holes in the leaves			vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through hole=Initial_Location
5	call	participle	the leaves not said here	stomata				vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:057-roots-stems-and-leaves.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/57-roots-stems-and-leaves/2/