Roots, stems and leaves, sentence 4

Cartoons show plants drinking through their leaves when it rains and roots as just a few strings; in real life almost all the water goes in through the roots, which can spread far wider and deeper than the plant above.

Who acts: Cartoons, plants, it, water, roots · What happens: show, drink, rain, go in, spread · To what, where: leaves, real life · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Roots, stems and leaves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cartoons, plants, it, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cartoons	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 show	nsubj
2	show	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 drinking	nsubj
4	drinking	drink	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 show	ccomp
5	through	through	ADP	_	7 leaves	case
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 leaves	nmod:poss
7	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 drinking	obl
8	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	10 rains	advmod
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 rains	nsubj
10	rains	rain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 drinking	advcl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 roots	cc
12	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 leaves	conj
13	as	as	ADP	_	17 strings	case
14	just	just	ADV	_	17 strings	advmod
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 strings	det
16	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 strings	amod
17	strings	string	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 roots	nmod
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 life	punct
19	in	in	ADP	_	21 life	case
20	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 life	amod
21	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 goes	obl
22	almost	almost	ADV	_	23 all	advmod
23	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	25 water	det:predet
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 water	det
25	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 goes	nsubj
26	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 show	parataxis
27	in	in	ADV	_	26 goes	advmod
28	through	through	ADP	_	30 roots	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 roots	det
30	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 goes	obl
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 spread	punct
32	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	34 spread	nsubj
33	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	34 spread	aux
34	spread	spread	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	30 roots	acl:relcl
35	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	36 wider	advmod
36	wider	wide	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	34 spread	advmod
37	and	and	CCONJ	_	38 deeper	cc
38	deeper	deep	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	36 wider	conj
39	than	than	ADP	_	41 plant	case
40	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	41 plant	det
41	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 deeper	obl
42	above	above	ADV	_	41 plant	advmod
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 show	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	show	present	Cartoons			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	drink	gerund	plants	Cartoons's leaves and roots as a few strings		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	rain	present	it			vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»
4	go in	present	all water	real life	through the roots	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through root=Initial_Location
5	spread	can	the roots			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:057-roots-stems-and-leaves.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/57-roots-stems-and-leaves/4/