Seeds and fruit and how they travel, sentence 6

Sycamore seeds have a wing that makes them spin as they fall, slowing them down; sycamore is a kind of maple, and maple seeds grow in winged pairs.

Who acts: Sycamore seeds, wing, dots, sycamore, maple seeds · What happens: have, make, spin, fall, slow down, be · To what, where: wing, dots, kind, winged pairs

This is a sentence of the lesson «Seeds and fruit and how they travel» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sycamore seeds, wing, dots, sycamore), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sycamore	sycamore	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 seeds	compound
2	seeds	seed	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 wing	det
5	wing	wing	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 have	obj
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 makes	nsubj
7	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 wing	acl:relcl
8	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 makes	obj
9	spin	spin	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 makes	xcomp
10	as	as	SCONJ	_	12 fall	mark
11	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 fall	nsubj
12	fall	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 spin	advcl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 slowing	punct
14	slowing	slow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 fall	advcl
15	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 slowing	obj
16	down	down	ADP	_	14 slowing	compound:prt
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 kind	punct
18	sycamore	sycamore	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 kind	nsubj
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 kind	cop
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 kind	det
21	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 have	parataxis
22	of	of	ADP	_	23 maple	case
23	maple	maple	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 kind	nmod
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 grow	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 grow	cc
26	maple	maple	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 seeds	compound
27	seeds	seed	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 grow	nsubj
28	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 have	conj
29	in	in	ADP	_	31 pairs	case
30	winged	winged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 pairs	amod
31	pairs	pair	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 grow	obl
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 have	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	Sycamore seeds	a wing			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wing=Patient
2	make	present	a wing	dots = dot			tree rules
3	spin	infinitive	dots = dot not said here				vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
4	fall	present	dots = dot				vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	slow down	gerund	dots = dot not said here	dots = dot			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient
6	is a	present	sycamore	a kind		of maple	tree rules
7	grow	present	maple seeds		winged pairs		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pair=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:059-seeds-and-fruit-and-how-they-travel.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/59-seeds-and-fruit-and-how-they-travel/6/