Lungs and breathing, sentence 18

Fish take oxygen from water with gills, thin feathery parts full of blood vessels; water goes in through the mouth and out over the gills, and out of water the gills collapse, so the fish cannot get oxygen.

Who acts: Fish, water, gills · What happens: take, go in, collapse, not get · To what, where: oxygen, water, mouth

This is a sentence of the lesson «Lungs and breathing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fish, water, gills), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 take	nsubj
2	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 take	obj
4	from	from	ADP	_	5 water	case
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 take	obl
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 gills	case
7	gills	gill	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 take	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 parts	punct
9	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 parts	amod
10	feathery	feathery	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 parts	amod
11	parts	part	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 gills	appos
12	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 parts	amod
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 vessels	case
14	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 vessels	compound
15	vessels	vessel	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 full	obl
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	18 goes	punct
17	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 goes	nsubj
18	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 take	parataxis
19	in	in	ADV	_	18 goes	advmod
20	through	through	ADP	_	22 mouth	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 mouth	det
22	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 goes	obl
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 out	cc
24	out	out	ADV	_	18 goes	conj
25	over	over	ADP	_	27 gills	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 gills	det
27	gills	gill	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 out	obl
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 collapse	punct
29	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 collapse	cc
30	out	out	ADP	_	32 water	case
31	of	of	ADP	_	32 water	case
32	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 collapse	obl
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 gills	det
34	gills	gill	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 collapse	nsubj
35	collapse	collapse	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 take	conj
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	42 get	punct
37	so	so	ADV	_	42 get	advmod
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	39 fish	det
39	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	42 get	nsubj
40	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	42 get	aux
41	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	42 get	advmod
42	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 take	conj
43	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 get	obj
44	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 take	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	take	present	Fish	oxygen	water	with gills	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent oxygen=Theme from water=Initial_Location
2	go in	present	water		the mouth		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through mouth=Initial_Location
3	collapse	present	the gills		water		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	not get	can	the fish	oxygen			vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer oxygen=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:066-lungs-and-breathing.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/66-lungs-and-breathing/18/