Digestion: the journey of a sandwich, sentence 7
Food is pushed down the food pipe, the oesophagus, by waves of muscle squeezing, so swallowing works even upside down, and astronauts can swallow in space.
Who acts: waves, astronauts · What happens: push down, swallow, work, wave · To what, where: Food, space, muscle squeezing
This is a sentence of the lesson «Digestion: the journey of a sandwich» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (waves, astronauts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 pushed | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 pushed | aux:pass |
| 3 | pushed | push | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | down | down | ADP | _ | 3 pushed | compound:prt |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 pipe | det |
| 6 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pipe | compound |
| 7 | pipe | pipe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 pushed | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 oesophagus | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 oesophagus | det |
| 10 | oesophagus | oesophagus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pipe | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 waves | punct |
| 12 | by | by | ADP | _ | 13 waves | case |
| 13 | waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 pushed | obl:agent |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 squeezing | case |
| 15 | muscle | muscle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 squeezing | compound |
| 16 | squeezing | squeezing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 waves | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 works | punct |
| 18 | so | so | ADV | _ | 20 works | advmod |
| 19 | swallowing | swallow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 works | nsubj |
| 20 | works | work | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 pushed | conj |
| 21 | even | even | ADV | _ | 22 upside | advmod |
| 22 | upside | upside | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 works | advmod |
| 23 | down | down | ADP | _ | 22 upside | compound:prt |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 swallow | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 swallow | cc |
| 26 | astronauts | astronaut | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 swallow | nsubj |
| 27 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 swallow | aux |
| 28 | swallow | swallow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 pushed | conj |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 space | case |
| 30 | space | space | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 swallow | obl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 pushed | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | push down | present · passive | waves of muscle squeezing | Food | the food pipe and the oesophagus obl | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | |||
| 2 | swallow | gerund | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | work | present | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | swallow | can | astronauts | space | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | wave | muscle squeezing | nom wave «event transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:067-digestion-the-journey-of-a-sandwich.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/67-digestion-the-journey-of-a-sandwich/7/