Senses: eyes and ears, sentence 12

Bats are not blind: all bats can see, and many also find insects in the dark by echolocation, making high squeaks and listening for the echoes.

Who acts: Bats, many, insects · What happens: not be, see, find, make, listen · To what, where: insects, echolocation, high squeaks

This is a sentence of the lesson «Senses: eyes and ears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bats, many, insects), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 blind	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 blind	cop
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 blind	advmod
4	blind	blind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 see	punct
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 bats	det
7	bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 see	nsubj
8	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 see	aux
9	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 blind	parataxis
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 find	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 find	cc
12	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 find	nsubj
13	also	also	ADV	_	14 find	advmod
14	find	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 see	conj
15	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 find	obj
16	in	in	ADP	_	20 echolocation	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 dark	det
18	dark	dark	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 find	obl
19	by	by	ADP	_	20 echolocation	case
20	echolocation	echolocation	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 find	obl
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 making	punct
22	making	make	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 find	xcomp
23	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 squeaks	amod
24	squeaks	squeak	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 making	obj
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 listening	cc
26	listening	listen	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	22 making	conj
27	for	for	ADP	_	29 echoes	case
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 echoes	det
29	echoes	echo	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 listening	obl
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 blind	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	not is	present	Bats			blind property	tree rules
2	see	can	all bats				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	find	present	many	insects	echolocation	the dark obl	vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent insect=Attribute clause=Theme
4	make	gerund	insects not said here	high squeaks			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset squeak=Product
5	listen	gerund	insects not said here			for the echoes	vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for echo=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:069-senses-eyes-and-ears.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/69-senses-eyes-and-ears/12/