Antarctica: penguins, seals and the coldest place on Earth, sentence 4
In Happy Feet the emperor penguins find their partners by singing, and that part is truer than it looks: real emperor penguins recognise their mate and their chick by voice in a crowd of thousands.
Who acts: emperor penguins, part, real emperor penguins · What happens: find, sing, be, look, recognise · To what, where: partners, Happy Feet, mate, crowd
This is a sentence of the lesson «Antarctica: penguins, seals and the coldest place on Earth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (emperor penguins, part, real emperor penguins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 Feet | case |
| 2 | Happy | happy | PROPN | _ | 3 Feet | flat |
| 3 | Feet | foot | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 find | obl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 penguins | det |
| 5 | emperor | emperor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 penguins | compound |
| 6 | penguins | penguin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 find | nsubj |
| 7 | find | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 partners | nmod:poss |
| 9 | partners | partner | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 find | obj |
| 10 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 11 singing | mark |
| 11 | singing | sing | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 find | advcl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 truer | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 truer | cc |
| 14 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 15 part | det |
| 15 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 truer | nsubj |
| 16 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 truer | cop |
| 17 | truer | true | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 7 find | conj |
| 18 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 20 looks | mark |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 looks | nsubj |
| 20 | looks | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 truer | advcl |
| 21 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 25 recognise | punct |
| 22 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 penguins | amod |
| 23 | emperor | emperor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 penguins | compound |
| 24 | penguins | penguin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 recognise | nsubj |
| 25 | recognise | recognise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 truer | parataxis |
| 26 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 mate | nmod:poss |
| 27 | mate | mate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 recognise | obj |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 chick | cc |
| 29 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 chick | nmod:poss |
| 30 | chick | chick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 mate | conj |
| 31 | by | by | ADP | _ | 32 voice | case |
| 32 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 recognise | obl |
| 33 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 crowd | case |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 crowd | det |
| 35 | crowd | crowd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 recognise | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 thousands | case |
| 37 | thousands | thousand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 crowd | nmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 find | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | present | the emperor penguins | penguins's partners | Happy Feet | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent partner=Topic | |||
| 2 | sing speech: express | gerund | the emperor penguins not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is | present | that part | true property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | look | present | part | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | recognise | present | real emperor penguins | penguins's mate and penguins's chick | a crowd of thousands | by voice | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer mate=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:007-antarctica.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/7-antarctica/4/