Growing: teeth, height, hair, nails, from baby to grown-up, sentence 8
Each hair grows from a follicle in the skin, about 1 centimetre a month; we lose about 50 to 100 hairs a day, and cutting hair does not make it grow back thicker or faster.
Who acts: hair, we, cutting, skin · What happens: grow, lose, cut, not make, not grow · To what, where: 1 centimetre, 50 100 hairs, hair, skin
This is a sentence of the lesson «Growing: teeth, height, hair, nails, from baby to grown-up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hair, we, cutting, skin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 2 hair | det |
| 2 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 grows | nsubj |
| 3 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 follicle | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 follicle | det |
| 6 | follicle | follicle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 grows | obl |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 skin | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 skin | det |
| 9 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 follicle | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 centimetre | punct |
| 11 | about | about | ADV | _ | 12 1 | advmod |
| 12 | 1 | 1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 centimetre | nummod |
| 13 | centimetre | centimetre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 grows | obl:unmarked |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 month | det |
| 15 | month | month | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 centimetre | nmod:unmarked |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 lose | punct |
| 17 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 lose | nsubj |
| 18 | lose | lose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 grows | parataxis |
| 19 | about | about | ADV | _ | 20 50 | advmod |
| 20 | 50 | 50 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 23 hairs | nummod |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 100 | case |
| 22 | 100 | 100 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 23 hairs | nummod |
| 23 | hairs | hair | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 lose | obj |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 day | det |
| 25 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 lose | obl:unmarked |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 make | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 make | cc |
| 28 | cutting | cut | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 32 make | csubj |
| 29 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 cutting | obj |
| 30 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 make | aux |
| 31 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 32 make | advmod |
| 32 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 lose | conj |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 make | obj |
| 34 | grow | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 make | xcomp |
| 35 | back | back | ADV | _ | 36 thicker | advmod |
| 36 | thicker | thick | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 34 grow | xcomp |
| 37 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 38 faster | cc |
| 38 | faster | fast | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 36 thicker | conj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 grows | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | present | each hair | 1 centimetre a month | from a follicle in the skin | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from follicle=Patient | |||
| 2 | lose | present | we | 50 100 hairs | day | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hair=Eventuality | |||
| 3 | cut | gerund | hair | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset hair=Product | |||||
| 4 | not make | present · do-support | cutting | skin | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | not grow | infinitive | skin not said here | thick property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:071-growing-from-baby-to-grown-up.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/71-growing-from-baby-to-grown-up/8/