Staying healthy: germs, vaccines, sleep, food and exercise, sentence 4
Soap grabs grease and dirt where germs hide so water can rinse them off, and it breaks the fatty coat of some viruses; in the 1840s Ignaz Semmelweis saved many mothers' lives by making doctors wash their hands.
Who acts: Soap, germs, water, Ignaz, doctors · What happens: grab, hide, rinse off, break, save, make · To what, where: grease, germs, fatty coat, lives, 1840s, hands
This is a sentence of the lesson «Staying healthy: germs, vaccines, sleep, food and exercise» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Soap, germs, water, Ignaz), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Soap | soap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 grabs | nsubj |
| 2 | grabs | grab | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | grease | grease | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 grabs | obj |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 dirt | cc |
| 5 | dirt | dirt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 grease | conj |
| 6 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 8 hide | advmod |
| 7 | germs | germ | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 hide | nsubj |
| 8 | hide | hide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 dirt | acl:relcl |
| 9 | so | so | ADV | _ | 12 rinse | advmod |
| 10 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 rinse | nsubj |
| 11 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 rinse | aux |
| 12 | rinse | rinse | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 grabs | advcl |
| 13 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 rinse | obj |
| 14 | off | off | ADP | _ | 12 rinse | compound:prt |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 breaks | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 breaks | cc |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 breaks | nsubj |
| 18 | breaks | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 grabs | conj |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 coat | det |
| 20 | fatty | fatty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 coat | amod |
| 21 | coat | coat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 breaks | obj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 viruses | case |
| 23 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 24 viruses | det |
| 24 | viruses | virus | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 coat | nmod |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 saved | punct |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 1840s | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 1840s | det |
| 28 | 1840s | 1840 | NOUN | Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card | 31 saved | obl |
| 29 | Ignaz | Ignaz | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 saved | nsubj |
| 30 | Semmelweis | Semmelweis | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 Ignaz | flat |
| 31 | saved | save | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 grabs | parataxis |
| 32 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 mothers | amod |
| 33 | mothers | mother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 lives | nmod:poss |
| 34 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 33 mothers | case |
| 35 | lives | life | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 saved | obj |
| 36 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 37 making | mark |
| 37 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Ger | 31 saved | advcl |
| 38 | doctors | doctor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 wash | nsubj |
| 39 | wash | wash | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 37 making | xcomp |
| 40 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 hands | nmod:poss |
| 41 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 wash | obj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 grabs | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grab | present | Soap | grease and dirt | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grease=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hide | present | germs | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | rinse off | can | water | germs = germ | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent they=Source | ||||
| 4 | break | present | soap | the fatty coat of some viruses | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer coat=Patient | ||||
| 5 | save | past | Ignaz | many mothers's lives | the 1840s | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme | |||
| 6 | make | gerund | Ignaz not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | wash | infinitive | doctors | germs's hands | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:072-staying-healthy.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/72-staying-healthy/4/