Endangered animals and extinction, sentence 4

The dodo was a big flightless pigeon from Mauritius, last reliably seen in 1662, less than 100 years after sailors arrived; with no enemies it was not afraid, so sailors hunted it easily, and animals brought by ships ate its eggs.

Who acts: dodo, sailors, animals · What happens: be, see, arrive, not be, hunt, bring · To what, where: big flightless pigeon, Mauritius, 1662, dodo, animals, eggs

This is a sentence of the lesson «Endangered animals and extinction» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dodo, sailors, animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 dodo	det
2	dodo	dodo	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 pigeon	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 pigeon	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 pigeon	det
5	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 pigeon	amod
6	flightless	flightless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 pigeon	amod
7	pigeon	pigeon	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	from	from	ADP	_	9 Mauritius	case
9	Mauritius	Mauritius	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 pigeon	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 seen	punct
11	last	last	ADV	_	13 seen	advmod
12	reliably	reliably	ADV	_	13 seen	advmod
13	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	7 pigeon	acl:relcl
14	in	in	ADP	_	15 1662	case
15	1662	1662	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	13 seen	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 years	punct
17	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV	19 100	advmod
18	than	than	ADP	_	17 less	fixed
19	100	100	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	20 years	nummod
20	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 seen	obl:unmarked
21	after	after	SCONJ	_	23 arrived	mark
22	sailors	sailor	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 arrived	nsubj
23	arrived	arrive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 years	advcl
24	;	;	PUNCT	_	31 afraid	punct
25	with	with	ADP	_	27 enemies	case
26	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	27 enemies	det
27	enemies	enemy	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 afraid	obl
28	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 afraid	nsubj
29	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	31 afraid	cop
30	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	31 afraid	advmod
31	afraid	afraid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 pigeon	parataxis
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 hunted	punct
33	so	so	ADV	_	35 hunted	advmod
34	sailors	sailor	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 hunted	nsubj
35	hunted	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	31 afraid	parataxis
36	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	35 hunted	obj
37	easily	easily	ADV	_	35 hunted	advmod
38	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 hunted	punct
39	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 ate	cc
40	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	44 ate	nsubj
41	brought	bring	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	40 animals	acl
42	by	by	ADP	_	43 ships	case
43	ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	41 brought	obl
44	ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	35 hunted	conj
45	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	46 eggs	nmod:poss
46	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	44 ate	obj
47	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 pigeon	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed polarity=none

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the dodo	a big flightless pigeon	Mauritius			tree rules
2	see	participle		a big flightless pigeon not said here	1662	year	last, reliably property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	arrive	past	sailors					vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	not is	past	dodo				with no enemies; afraid property	tree rules
5	hunt	past	sailors	dodo			easily property	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
6	bring	participle		animals not said here			by ships	vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent
7	eat	past	animals	dodo's eggs				vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:077-endangered-animals-and-extinction.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/77-endangered-animals-and-extinction/4/