Animals of Australia and New Zealand: kangaroos, koalas, wombats, kiwis, sentence 5

Koalas are marsupials, not bears; they rest about 18 to 22 hours a day because eucalyptus leaves are tough, low in energy and poisonous to most animals, and they are not drunk on eucalyptus.

Who acts: Koalas, marsupials, eucalyptus leaves · What happens: be, rest, not be · To what, where: marsupials, energy, eucalyptus

This is a sentence of the lesson «Animals of Australia and New Zealand: kangaroos, koalas, wombats, kiwis» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Koalas, marsupials, eucalyptus leaves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Koalas	koala	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 marsupials	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 marsupials	cop
3	marsupials	marsupial	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 bears	punct
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 bears	advmod
6	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 marsupials	conj
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	9 rest	punct
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 rest	nsubj
9	rest	rest	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 marsupials	parataxis
10	about	about	ADV	_	11 18	advmod
11	18	18	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	14 hours	nummod
12	to	to	ADP	_	13 22	case
13	22	22	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	11 18	nmod
14	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 rest	obl:unmarked
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 day	det
16	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 hours	nmod:unmarked
17	because	because	SCONJ	_	21 tough	mark
18	eucalyptus	eucalyptus	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 leaves	compound
19	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 tough	nsubj
20	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 tough	cop
21	tough	tough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 rest	advcl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 low	punct
23	low	low	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 tough	conj
24	in	in	ADP	_	25 energy	case
25	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 low	obl
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 poisonous	cc
27	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 low	conj
28	to	to	ADP	_	30 animals	case
29	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	30 animals	amod
30	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 poisonous	obl
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 drunk	punct
32	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 drunk	cc
33	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 drunk	nsubj:pass
34	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	36 drunk	cop
35	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	36 drunk	advmod
36	drunk	drunk	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 tough	conj
37	on	on	ADP	_	38 eucalyptus	case
38	eucalyptus	eucalyptus	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 drunk	obl
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 marsupials	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Koalas	marsupials and bears				tree rules
2	rest	present	marsupials = marsupial			hour		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	is	present	eucalyptus leaves				tough property	tree rules
4	be		eucalyptus leaves not said here		energy			tree rules
5	not is	present · passive		marsupials = marsupial	eucalyptus		drunk property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:079-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/79-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand/5/