Animals of Australia and New Zealand: kangaroos, koalas, wombats, kiwis, sentence 6

Wombats are the only animals known to make cube-shaped droppings, shaped by firmer and softer parts of the gut, and they leave them on rocks and logs to mark territory; their pouch faces backwards, so digging does not fill it with soil.

Who acts: animals, pouch · What happens: know, make, shape, leave, mark, face · To what, where: Wombats, cube, shaped droppings, droppings, rocks, territory

This is a sentence of the lesson «Animals of Australia and New Zealand: kangaroos, koalas, wombats, kiwis» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (animals, pouch), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wombats	wombat	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 known	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 known	aux:pass
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 animals	det
4	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 animals	amod
5	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 known	nsubj:pass
6	known	know	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	to	to	PART	_	8 make	mark
8	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 known	xcomp
9	cube	cube	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 make	obj
10	-	-	PUNCT	_	9 cube	punct
11	shaped	shape	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 droppings	amod
12	droppings	dropping	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 make	obj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 shaped	punct
14	shaped	shape	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 droppings	acl
15	by	by	ADP	_	16 firmer	case
16	firmer	firmer	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 shaped	obl
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 parts	cc
18	softer	soft	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	16 firmer	conj
19	parts	part	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 firmer	conj
20	of	of	ADP	_	22 gut	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 gut	det
22	gut	gut	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 parts	nmod
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 leave	punct
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 leave	cc
25	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 leave	nsubj
26	leave	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 known	conj
27	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 leave	obj
28	on	on	ADP	_	29 rocks	case
29	rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 leave	obl
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 logs	cc
31	logs	log	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 rocks	conj
32	to	to	PART	_	33 mark	mark
33	mark	mark	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	26 leave	advcl
34	territory	territory	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 mark	obj
35	;	;	PUNCT	_	38 faces	punct
36	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	37 pouch	nmod:poss
37	pouch	pouch	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 faces	nsubj
38	faces	face	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 leave	conj
39	backwards	backwards	ADV	_	38 faces	advmod
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 fill	punct
41	so	so	ADV	_	45 fill	advmod
42	digging	dig	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	45 fill	advcl
43	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	45 fill	aux
44	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	45 fill	advmod
45	fill	fill	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 known	conj
46	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	45 fill	obj
47	with	with	ADP	_	48 soil	case
48	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 fill	obl
49	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 known	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	know	present · passive		Wombats			tree rules
2	make	to-infinitive		cube			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset cube=Beneficiary dropping=Product
3	shape	participle					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
4	shape	participle		shaped droppings not said here		by firmer and parts of the gut	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
5	leave	present	animals = animal	droppings = dropping	rocks and logs		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent they=Theme on rock=Location
6	mark	to-infinitive	animals = animal not said here	territory			vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent territory=Destination
7	face	present	animals's pouch			backwards property	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
8	dig	gerund					vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
9	not fill	present · do-support		territory		with soil	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with soil=Instrument

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:079-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/79-animals-of-australia-and-new-zealand/6/