The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and the deep dark, sentence 8

Sharks are fish with skeletons of cartilage; there are over 500 kinds, most smaller than a person, they have lived for over 400 million years, and attacks on people are very rare.

Who acts: Sharks, 500 kinds, kinds, attacks · What happens: be, live · To what, where: fish

This is a sentence of the lesson «The ocean: open sea, sunlit zone and the deep dark» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sharks, 500 kinds, kinds, attacks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fish	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fish	cop
3	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 skeletons	case
5	skeletons	skeleton	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fish	nmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 cartilage	case
7	cartilage	cartilage	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 skeletons	nmod
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 are	punct
9	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	10 are	expl
10	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fish	parataxis
11	over	over	ADV	_	12 500	advmod
12	500	500	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	13 kinds	nummod
13	kinds	kind	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 are	nsubj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 smaller	punct
15	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	16 smaller	advmod
16	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	13 kinds	amod
17	than	than	ADP	_	19 person	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 person	det
19	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 smaller	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 are	punct
21	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 lived	nsubj
22	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 lived	aux
23	lived	live	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 fish	conj
24	for	for	ADP	_	28 years	case
25	over	over	ADV	_	27 million	advmod
26	400	400	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	27 million	compound
27	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	28 years	nummod
28	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 lived	obl
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 rare	punct
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 rare	cc
31	attacks	attack	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 rare	nsubj
32	on	on	ADP	_	33 people	case
33	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 attacks	nmod
34	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	36 rare	cop
35	very	very	ADV	_	36 rare	advmod
36	rare	rare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 lived	conj
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 fish	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Sharks	fish			with skeletons of cartilage	tree rules
2	does	present	500 kinds		there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	live	present · perfect	kinds = kind			year		vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	is	present	attacks on people				rare property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:008-the-ocean.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/8-the-ocean/8/