Animals of North America and Britain: moose, bald eagles, raccoons, beavers, foxes, badgers, hedgehogs, robins, sentence 11

The European robin sings all winter, both males and females defending territory with song, and its red breast warns rivals, so it may even attack a bunch of red feathers; it was voted Britain's favourite bird in 2015.

Who acts: European robin, males, red breast, robin · What happens: sing, defend, warn, attack, vote · To what, where: territory, rivals, bunch, robin, 2015

This is a sentence of the lesson «Animals of North America and Britain: moose, bald eagles, raccoons, beavers, foxes, badgers, hedgehogs, robins» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (European robin, males, red breast, robin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 robin	det
2	European	European	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 robin	amod
3	robin	robin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sings	nsubj
4	sings	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 winter	det
6	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sings	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 males	punct
8	both	both	CCONJ	_	9 males	cc:preconj
9	males	male	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 sings	conj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 females	cc
11	females	female	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 males	conj
12	defending	defend	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 males	acl
13	territory	territory	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 defending	obj
14	with	with	ADP	_	15 song	case
15	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 defending	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 warns	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 warns	cc
18	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	20 breast	nmod:poss
19	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 breast	amod
20	breast	breast	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 warns	nsubj
21	warns	warn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 sings	conj
22	rivals	rival	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 warns	obj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 attack	punct
24	so	so	ADV	_	28 attack	advmod
25	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 attack	nsubj
26	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	28 attack	aux
27	even	even	ADV	_	28 attack	advmod
28	attack	attack	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 defending	advcl
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 bunch	det
30	bunch	bunch	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 attack	obj
31	of	of	ADP	_	33 feathers	case
32	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 feathers	amod
33	feathers	feather	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 bunch	nmod
34	;	;	PUNCT	_	37 voted	punct
35	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	37 voted	nsubj:pass
36	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	37 voted	aux:pass
37	voted	vote	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 sings	parataxis
38	Britain	Britain	PROPN	Number=Sing	41 bird	nmod:poss
39	's	's	PART	_	38 Britain	case
40	favourite	favourite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	41 bird	amod
41	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 voted	xcomp
42	in	in	ADP	_	43 2015	case
43	2015	2015	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	37 voted	obl
44	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 sings	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	present	the European robin			winter		vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	defend	gerund	males and females not said here	territory			with song	vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent territory=Beneficiary
3	warn speech: warn	present	robin's red breast	rivals				vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent rival=Recipient
4	attack	may	robin	a bunch of red feathers				vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bunch=Patient
5	vote	past · passive		robin	2015			vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:080-animals-of-north-america-and-britain.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/80-animals-of-north-america-and-britain/11/