The big cats house: snow leopards, jaguars, small cats and enrichment, sentence 4
Snow leopards live high in the mountains of Central Asia; their tail is almost as long as their body and keeps the face warm and helps them balance on cliffs.
Who acts: Snow leopards, tail, mountains · What happens: live, be, keep, help, balance · To what, where: mountains, face, cliffs
This is a sentence of the lesson «The big cats house: snow leopards, jaguars, small cats and enrichment» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Snow leopards, tail, mountains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 leopards | compound |
| 2 | leopards | leopard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 live | nsubj |
| 3 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | high | high | ADV | Degree=Pos | 3 live | advmod |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 mountains | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 mountains | det |
| 7 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 live | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 Asia | case |
| 9 | Central | Central | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Asia | flat |
| 10 | Asia | Asia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 mountains | nmod |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 3 live | punct |
| 12 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 tail | nmod:poss |
| 13 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 long | nsubj |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 long | cop |
| 15 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 17 long | advmod |
| 16 | as | as | ADV | _ | 17 long | advmod |
| 17 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 live | parataxis |
| 18 | as | as | ADP | _ | 20 body | case |
| 19 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 body | nmod:poss |
| 20 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 long | obl |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 keeps | cc |
| 22 | keeps | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 live | conj |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 face | det |
| 24 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 keeps | obj |
| 25 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 keeps | xcomp |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 helps | cc |
| 27 | helps | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 keeps | conj |
| 28 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 helps | obj |
| 29 | balance | balance | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 helps | xcomp |
| 30 | on | on | ADP | _ | 31 cliffs | case |
| 31 | cliffs | cliff | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 balance | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 live | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | present | Snow leopards | the mountains of Central Asia | high property | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in mountain=Location | |||
| 2 | is | present | mountains's tail | as mountains's body; almost, long property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | keep | present | Snow leopards not said here | the face | warm property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent face=Theme | |||
| 4 | help | present | Snow leopards not said here | mountains = mountain | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary clause=Theme | ||||
| 5 | balance | infinitive | mountains = mountain not said here | cliffs | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on cliff=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:082-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/82-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats/4/