The big cats house: snow leopards, jaguars, small cats and enrichment, sentence 5
A snow leopard's wide, fur-covered paws spread its weight like snowshoes so it does not sink; it cannot roar and makes a puffing sound instead.
Who acts: wide covered paws, leopard · What happens: cover, spread, not sink, not roar, make · To what, where: weight, puffing sound
This is a sentence of the lesson «The big cats house: snow leopards, jaguars, small cats and enrichment» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wide covered paws, leopard), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 leopard | det |
| 2 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 leopard | compound |
| 3 | leopard | leopard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 paws | nmod:poss |
| 4 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 3 leopard | case |
| 5 | wide | wide | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 paws | amod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 wide | punct |
| 7 | fur | fur | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 covered | amod |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 fur | punct |
| 9 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 paws | amod |
| 10 | paws | paw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 spread | nsubj |
| 11 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 weight | nmod:poss |
| 13 | weight | weight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 spread | obj |
| 14 | like | like | ADP | _ | 15 snowshoes | case |
| 15 | snowshoes | snowshoe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 spread | obl |
| 16 | so | so | SCONJ | _ | 20 sink | mark |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 sink | nsubj |
| 18 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 sink | aux |
| 19 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 20 sink | advmod |
| 20 | sink | sink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 spread | advcl |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 spread | punct |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 roar | nsubj |
| 23 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 roar | aux |
| 24 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 25 roar | advmod |
| 25 | roar | roar | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 spread | parataxis |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 makes | cc |
| 27 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 roar | conj |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 sound | det |
| 29 | puffing | puffing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 sound | compound |
| 30 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 makes | obj |
| 31 | instead | instead | ADV | _ | 27 makes | advmod |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 spread | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cover | participle | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | spread | present | a snow leopard's wide covered paws | leopard's weight | like snowshoes | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location weight=Theme | |||
| 3 | not sink | present · do-support | leopard | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | not roar | can | leopard | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | make | present | leopard not said here | a puffing sound | instead property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:082-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/82-big-cats-house-snow-leopards-jaguars-small-cats/5/