The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bonobos and how apes think, sentence 14

In the mirror test, great apes, dolphins, elephants and magpies have noticed a mark on their own body, dogs and cats usually ignore it, and human babies usually pass at about 18 months.

Who acts: great apes, dogs, human babies · What happens: notice, ignore, pass · To what, where: mark, mirror test

This is a sentence of the lesson «The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bonobos and how apes think» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (great apes, dogs, human babies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 test	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 test	det
3	mirror	mirror	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 test	compound
4	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 noticed	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 test	punct
6	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 apes	amod
7	apes	ape	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 noticed	nsubj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 dolphins	punct
9	dolphins	dolphin	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 apes	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 elephants	punct
11	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 apes	conj
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 magpies	cc
13	magpies	magpie	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 apes	conj
14	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 noticed	aux
15	noticed	notice	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 mark	det
17	mark	mark	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 noticed	obj
18	on	on	ADP	_	21 body	case
19	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	21 body	nmod:poss
20	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 body	amod
21	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 mark	nmod
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 dogs	punct
23	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 ignore	nsubj
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 cats	cc
25	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 dogs	conj
26	usually	usually	ADV	_	27 ignore	advmod
27	ignore	ignore	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 noticed	parataxis
28	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 ignore	obj
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 pass	punct
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 pass	cc
31	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 babies	amod
32	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 pass	nsubj
33	usually	usually	ADV	_	34 pass	advmod
34	pass	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 noticed	conj
35	at	at	ADP	_	38 months	case
36	about	about	ADV	_	37 18	advmod
37	18	18	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	38 months	nummod
38	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 pass	obl
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	15 noticed	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	notice	present · perfect	great apes and dolphins and elephants and magpies	a mark	the mirror test		on Apes's own body	vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer mark=Stimulus
2	ignore	present	dogs and cats	mark			usually property	vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
3	pass	present	human babies			month	usually property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:085-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/85-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos/14/