The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bonobos and how apes think, sentence 3
Apes still cannot talk like us, because their throats and mouths are built differently, and King Louie singing in The Jungle Book is doubly made up: real orangutans live only on Borneo and Sumatra, not in India.
Who acts: Apes, King Louie, real orangutans · What happens: not talk, build, sing, make up, live · To what, where: throats, Jungle Book, King Louie, Borneo
This is a sentence of the lesson «The ape house: orangutans, gibbons, bonobos and how apes think» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Apes, King Louie, real orangutans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Apes | ape | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 talk | nsubj |
| 2 | still | still | ADV | _ | 5 talk | advmod |
| 3 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 talk | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 talk | advmod |
| 5 | talk | talk | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | like | like | ADP | _ | 7 us | case |
| 7 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 talk | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 built | punct |
| 9 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 15 built | mark |
| 10 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 throats | nmod:poss |
| 11 | throats | throat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 built | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 mouths | cc |
| 13 | mouths | mouth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 throats | conj |
| 14 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 built | aux:pass |
| 15 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 talk | advcl |
| 16 | differently | differently | ADV | _ | 15 built | advmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 made | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 made | cc |
| 19 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Louie | compound |
| 20 | Louie | Louie | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 made | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | singing | sing | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 Louie | acl |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 Book | case |
| 23 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 Book | det |
| 24 | Jungle | Jungle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Book | compound |
| 25 | Book | Book | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 singing | obl |
| 26 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 made | aux:pass |
| 27 | doubly | doubly | ADV | Degree=Pos | 28 made | advmod |
| 28 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 talk | conj |
| 29 | up | up | ADP | _ | 28 made | compound:prt |
| 30 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 33 live | punct |
| 31 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 orangutans | amod |
| 32 | orangutans | orangutan | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 live | nsubj |
| 33 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 Louie | parataxis |
| 34 | only | only | ADV | _ | 33 live | advmod |
| 35 | on | on | ADP | _ | 36 Borneo | case |
| 36 | Borneo | Borneo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 live | obl |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 Sumatra | cc |
| 38 | Sumatra | Sumatra | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 Borneo | conj |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 India | punct |
| 40 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 42 India | advmod |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 India | case |
| 42 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 live | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 talk | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not talk | can | Apes | still | like us | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | build | present · passive | Apes's throats and mouths | differently property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 3 | sing speech: express | gerund | King Louie not said here | the Jungle Book | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in book=Location | ||||
| 4 | make up | present · passive | King Louie | doubly property | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Pivot | ||||
| 5 | live | present | real orangutans | Borneo and Sumatra | in India | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in india=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:085-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/85-ape-house-orangutans-gibbons-bonobos/3/