The reptile house: Komodo dragons, chameleons, tortoises and crocodiles, sentence 1
A chameleon fires its tongue like a catapult and grabs a cricket in a split second, while a gecko strolls upside down on the glass, held by millions of tiny hairs on its toes.
Who acts: chameleon, gecko · What happens: fire, grab, stroll, hold · To what, where: tongue, cricket, split, glass
This is a sentence of the lesson «The reptile house: Komodo dragons, chameleons, tortoises and crocodiles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chameleon, gecko), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 chameleon | det |
| 2 | chameleon | chameleon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fires | nsubj |
| 3 | fires | fire | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 tongue | nmod:poss |
| 5 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fires | obj |
| 6 | like | like | ADP | _ | 8 catapult | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 catapult | det |
| 8 | catapult | catapult | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fires | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 grabs | cc |
| 10 | grabs | grab | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 fires | conj |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 cricket | det |
| 12 | cricket | cricket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 grabs | obj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 split | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 second | det |
| 15 | split | split | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 cricket | nmod |
| 16 | second | second | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 15 split | advmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 upside | punct |
| 18 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 21 strolls | mark |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 gecko | det |
| 20 | gecko | gecko | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 strolls | nsubj |
| 21 | strolls | stroll | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 fires | advcl |
| 22 | upside | upside | ADV | _ | 21 strolls | advmod |
| 23 | down | down | ADV | _ | 22 upside | advmod |
| 24 | on | on | ADP | _ | 26 glass | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 glass | det |
| 26 | glass | glass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 strolls | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 held | punct |
| 28 | held | hold | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 strolls | advcl |
| 29 | by | by | ADP | _ | 30 millions | case |
| 30 | millions | million | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 held | obl |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 hairs | case |
| 32 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 hairs | amod |
| 33 | hairs | hair | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 millions | nmod |
| 34 | on | on | ADP | _ | 36 toes | case |
| 35 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 toes | nmod:poss |
| 36 | toes | toe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 hairs | nmod |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 fires | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fire | present | a chameleon | chameleon's tongue | like a catapult | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tongue=Theme | |||
| 2 | grab | present | a chameleon not said here | a cricket | split | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cricket=Theme | |||
| 3 | stroll | present | a gecko | the glass | upside property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on glass=Trajectory | |||
| 4 | hold | participle | a gecko not said here | by millions of tiny hairs on tongue's toes | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by million=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:088-reptile-house-komodo-chameleons-tortoises-crocodiles.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/88-reptile-house-komodo-chameleons-tortoises-crocodiles/1/