The nocturnal house: night animals by red light, sentence 13
Bushbabies are small African primates that leap several metres in the dark; their eyes are so big they cannot move them, so they turn their heads instead.
Who acts: Bushbabies, small African primates, eyes, mammals · What happens: be, leap, not move, turn · To what, where: small African primates, several metres, dark, mammals, heads
This is a sentence of the lesson «The nocturnal house: night animals by red light» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bushbabies, small African primates, eyes, mammals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bushbabies | bushbaby | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 primates | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 primates | cop |
| 3 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 primates | amod |
| 4 | African | African | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 primates | amod |
| 5 | primates | primate | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 leap | nsubj |
| 7 | leap | leap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 primates | acl:relcl |
| 8 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 metres | amod |
| 9 | metres | metre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 leap | obl:unmarked |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 dark | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 dark | det |
| 12 | dark | dark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 leap | obl |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 big | punct |
| 14 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 15 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 big | nsubj |
| 16 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 big | cop |
| 17 | so | so | ADV | _ | 18 big | advmod |
| 18 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 leap | conj |
| 19 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 move | nsubj |
| 20 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 move | aux |
| 21 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 move | advmod |
| 22 | move | move | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 big | ccomp |
| 23 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 move | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 turn | punct |
| 25 | so | so | ADV | _ | 27 turn | advmod |
| 26 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 turn | nsubj |
| 27 | turn | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 move | advcl |
| 28 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 heads | nmod:poss |
| 29 | heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 turn | obj |
| 30 | instead | instead | ADV | _ | 27 turn | advmod |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 primates | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Bushbabies | small African primates | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | leap | present | small African primates | several metres | the dark | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in dark=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | is | present | metres's eyes | big property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | not move | can | eyes = eye | mammals = mammal | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 5 | turn | present | mammals = mammal | mammals's heads | instead property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent head=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:095-the-nocturnal-house-night-animals-by-red-light.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/95-the-nocturnal-house-night-animals-by-red-light/13/