The penguin pool, sentence 0
On land penguins waddle like clumsy toys, but the moment they dive they shoot through the water like torpedoes, because their wings have become stiff flippers and their bodies are built for swimming.
Who acts: penguins, wings · What happens: waddle, dive, shoot, become, build · To what, where: land, moment, water, stiff flippers, bodies
This is a sentence of the lesson «The penguin pool» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (penguins, wings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 4 waddle | case |
| 2 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 waddle | obl |
| 3 | penguins | penguin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 waddle | nsubj |
| 4 | waddle | waddle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | like | like | ADP | _ | 7 toys | case |
| 6 | clumsy | clumsy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 toys | amod |
| 7 | toys | toy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 waddle | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 shoot | punct |
| 9 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 dive | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 moment | det |
| 11 | moment | moment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 shoot | obl |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 dive | nsubj |
| 13 | dive | dive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 moment | acl:relcl |
| 14 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 shoot | nsubj |
| 15 | shoot | shoot | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 waddle | conj |
| 16 | through | through | ADP | _ | 18 water | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 water | det |
| 18 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 shoot | obl |
| 19 | like | like | ADP | _ | 20 torpedoes | case |
| 20 | torpedoes | torpedo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 water | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 built | punct |
| 22 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 26 become | mark |
| 23 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 wings | nmod:poss |
| 24 | wings | wing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 become | nsubj |
| 25 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 become | aux |
| 26 | become | become | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 shoot | advcl |
| 27 | stiff | stiff | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 flippers | amod |
| 28 | flippers | flipper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 become | xcomp |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 built | cc |
| 30 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 bodies | nmod:poss |
| 31 | bodies | body | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 built | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 built | aux:pass |
| 33 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 become | conj |
| 34 | for | for | ADP | _ | 35 swimming | case |
| 35 | swimming | swimming | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 built | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 waddle | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | waddle | present | penguins | land | like clumsy toys | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | dive | present | penguins = penguin | the moment not said here | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location moment=Theme | ||||
| 3 | shoot | present | penguins = penguin | the water like torpedoes | moment | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent through water=Destination | |||
| 4 | become | present · perfect | penguins's wings | stiff flippers | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | build | present · passive | penguins's bodies | for swimming | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: subject=Product for swimming=Asset |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:099-the-penguin-pool.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/99-the-penguin-pool/0/