The penguin pool, sentence 2
A penguin's body is full of clever tricks: a black back and white belly to hide in the sea, feet that stay just above freezing, and a gland that sneezes out extra salt.
Who acts: body, feet, gland · What happens: be, hide, stay, sneeze out · To what, where: sea, freezing, extra salt
This is a sentence of the lesson «The penguin pool» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (body, feet, gland), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 penguin | det |
| 2 | penguin | penguin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 body | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 penguin | case |
| 4 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 full | nsubj |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 full | cop |
| 6 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 tricks | case |
| 8 | clever | clever | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 tricks | amod |
| 9 | tricks | trick | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 full | obl |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 back | punct |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 back | det |
| 12 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 back | amod |
| 13 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 tricks | appos |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 belly | cc |
| 15 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 belly | amod |
| 16 | belly | belly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 back | conj |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 hide | mark |
| 18 | hide | hide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 belly | acl |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 sea | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 sea | det |
| 21 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 hide | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 feet | punct |
| 23 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 back | conj |
| 24 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 stay | nsubj |
| 25 | stay | stay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 feet | acl:relcl |
| 26 | just | just | ADV | _ | 28 freezing | advmod |
| 27 | above | above | ADP | _ | 28 freezing | case |
| 28 | freezing | freezing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 stay | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 gland | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 gland | cc |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 gland | det |
| 32 | gland | gland | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 back | conj |
| 33 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 sneezes | nsubj |
| 34 | sneezes | sneeze | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 gland | acl:relcl |
| 35 | out | out | ADP | _ | 34 sneezes | compound:prt |
| 36 | extra | extra | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 salt | amod |
| 37 | salt | salt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 sneezes | obj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 full | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | a penguin's body | of clever tricks; full property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | hide | to-infinitive | a penguin's body not said here | the sea | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in sea=Location | ||||
| 3 | stay | present | feet | freezing | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme above freezing=Location | ||||
| 4 | sneeze out | present | a gland | extra salt | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:099-the-penguin-pool.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/99-the-penguin-pool/2/