The Wind in the Willows, chapter III, part 2: The Wild Wood (the faces, the whistling, the pattering — and the Rat sets out), sentence 30
«The goloshes were new, just bought for the winter, and the pimples on their soles were fresh and sharp» — so the tracks were easy to read, «leading direct to the Wild Wood».
Who acts: goloshes, pimples, tracks · What happens: be, buy, read, lead · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter III, part 2: The Wild Wood (the faces, the whistling, the pattering — and the Rat sets out)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (goloshes, pimples, tracks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 5 new | punct |
| 2 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 goloshes | det |
| 3 | goloshes | golosh | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 new | nsubj |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 new | cop |
| 5 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 bought | punct |
| 7 | just | just | ADV | _ | 8 bought | advmod |
| 8 | bought | buy | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 new | conj |
| 9 | for | for | ADP | _ | 11 winter | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 winter | det |
| 11 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 bought | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 fresh | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 fresh | cc |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 pimples | det |
| 15 | pimples | pimple | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 fresh | nsubj |
| 16 | on | on | ADP | _ | 18 soles | case |
| 17 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 soles | nmod:poss |
| 18 | soles | sole | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 pimples | nmod |
| 19 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 fresh | cop |
| 20 | fresh | fresh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 new | conj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 sharp | cc |
| 22 | sharp | sharp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 fresh | conj |
| 23 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 5 new | punct |
| 24 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 29 easy | punct |
| 25 | so | so | ADV | _ | 29 easy | advmod |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 tracks | det |
| 27 | tracks | track | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 easy | nsubj |
| 28 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 easy | cop |
| 29 | easy | easy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 new | parataxis |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 read | mark |
| 31 | read | read | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 easy | xcomp |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 leading | punct |
| 33 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 34 leading | punct |
| 34 | leading | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 read | ccomp |
| 35 | direct | direct | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 leading | xcomp |
| 36 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 Wood | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 Wood | det |
| 38 | Wild | Wild | PROPN | _ | 39 Wood | compound |
| 39 | Wood | Wood | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 leading | obl |
| 40 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 34 leading | punct |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 new | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | past | the goloshes | new property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | buy in a quote | participle | the goloshes not said here | winter | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is in a quote | past | the pimples on goloshes's soles | fresh property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | be in a quote | the pimples on goloshes's soles not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | is | past | the tracks | easy property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | read | to-infinitive | the tracks not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 7 | lead in a quote | gerund | the tracks not said here | to the Wild Wood; direct property | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to wood=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:034-willows-ch3-part2-the-terror-of-the-wild-wood.lesson:30.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/34-willows-ch3-part2-the-terror-of-the-wild-wood/30/