The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 3: Mr. Badger (the Otter comes through the snow, and the best home is underground), sentence 3
He met a silly rabbit who said all the rabbits knew the Mole was being chased last night — and none of them did a thing to help.
Who acts: Rat, silly rabbit, none · What happens: meet, say, know, chase, do, help · To what, where: silly rabbit, rabbits, Mole, thing · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 3: Mr. Badger (the Otter comes through the snow, and the best home is underground)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rat, silly rabbit, none), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 met | nsubj |
| 2 | met | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 rabbit | det |
| 4 | silly | silly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 rabbit | amod |
| 5 | rabbit | rabbit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 met | obj |
| 6 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 said | nsubj |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 rabbit | acl:relcl |
| 8 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 rabbits | det:predet |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 rabbits | det |
| 10 | rabbits | rabbit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 knew | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | ccomp |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 Mole | det |
| 13 | Mole | mole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 chased | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 chased | aux:pass |
| 15 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 chased | aux:pass |
| 16 | chased | chase | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 knew | ccomp |
| 17 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 night | amod |
| 18 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 chased | obl:unmarked |
| 19 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 did | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 did | cc |
| 21 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 24 did | nsubj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 them | case |
| 23 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 none | nmod |
| 24 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 met | conj |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 thing | det |
| 26 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 did | obj |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 help | mark |
| 28 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 thing | acl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 met | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | meet | past | Rat | a silly rabbit | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rabbit=Co-Agent | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | a silly rabbit | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | know | past · passive | all rabbits | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | chase | past · passive | the Mole | night | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 5 | do | past | none | a thing | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | help | to-infinitive | none not said here | a thing not said here | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:039-willows-ch4-part3-the-otter-and-underground-homes.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/39-willows-ch4-part3-the-otter-and-underground-homes/3/