The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 4: Mr. Badger (the city under the Wild Wood, and the way home), sentence 22

First it was «all down, down, down, gradually—ruin and levelling and disappearance», then «all up, up, up», as seeds grew to saplings and saplings to trees, and leaf-mould and sand covered the stones.

Who acts: city, all, leaf mould · What happens: be, grow, cover · To what, where: stones

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 4: Mr. Badger (the city under the Wild Wood, and the way home)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (city, all, leaf mould), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	First	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	6 down	advmod
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 down	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 down	cop
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 down	punct
5	all	all	ADV	_	6 down	advmod
6	down	down	ADV	_	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 down	punct
8	down	down	ADV	_	6 down	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 down	punct
10	down	down	ADV	_	6 down	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 ruin	punct
12	gradually	gradually	ADV	_	14 ruin	advmod
13	—	—	PUNCT	_	14 ruin	punct
14	ruin	ruin	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 down	parataxis
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 levelling	cc
16	levelling	levelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 ruin	conj
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 disappearance	cc
18	disappearance	disappearance	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 levelling	conj
19	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 ruin	punct
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 ruin	punct
21	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	33 grew	advmod
22	«	«	PUNCT	_	21 then	punct
23	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	33 grew	nsubj
24	up	up	ADP	_	23 all	compound:prt
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 all	punct
26	up	up	INTJ	_	32 seeds	discourse
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 up	punct
28	up	up	ADV	_	32 seeds	advmod
29	»	»	PUNCT	_	28 up	punct
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 up	punct
31	as	as	SCONJ	_	33 grew	mark
32	seeds	seed	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 grew	nsubj
33	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 down	advcl
34	to	to	ADP	_	35 saplings	case
35	saplings	sapling	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 grew	obl
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	37 saplings	cc
37	saplings	sapling	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 saplings	conj
38	to	to	ADP	_	39 trees	case
39	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 saplings	nmod
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 mould	punct
41	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 mould	cc
42	leaf	leaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 mould	compound
43	-	-	PUNCT	_	42 leaf	punct
44	mould	mould	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 covered	nsubj
45	and	and	CCONJ	_	46 sand	cc
46	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 mould	conj
47	covered	cover	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	33 grew	conj
48	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	49 stones	det
49	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	47 covered	obj
50	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 down	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	past	city			all, down, first property	tree rules
2	grow	past	all		then	to saplings and saplings to trees	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	cover	past	leaf mould and sand	the stones			vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme stone=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:040-willows-ch4-part4-the-city-under-the-wood.lesson:22.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/40-willows-ch4-part4-the-city-under-the-wood/22/