The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, part 4: Mr. Toad (the car in the inn-yard, twenty years, and the deepest dungeon), sentence 23

«I wonder if this sort of car starts easily?» He finds «he had hold of the handle and was turning it» (old cars were started by turning a handle at the front).

Who acts: sign, sort · What happens: wonder, start, find, have, turn, sort · To what, where: hold, old cars, handle, front, car · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, part 4: Mr. Toad (the car in the inn-yard, twenty years, and the deepest dungeon)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sign, sort), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 wonder	punct
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 wonder	nsubj
3	wonder	wonder	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 finds	advcl
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	9 starts	mark
5	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	6 sort	det
6	sort	sort	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 starts	nsubj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 car	case
8	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sort	nmod
9	starts	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wonder	ccomp
10	easily	easily	ADV	_	9 starts	advmod
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wonder	punct
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 wonder	punct
13	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 finds	nsubj
14	finds	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
15	«	«	PUNCT	_	17 had	punct
16	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 had	nsubj
17	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 finds	ccomp
18	hold	hold	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 had	obj
19	of	of	ADP	_	21 handle	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 handle	det
21	handle	handle	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 hold	nmod
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 turning	cc
23	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	24 turning	aux
24	turning	turn	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	17 had	conj
25	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 turning	obj
26	»	»	PUNCT	_	17 had	punct
27	(	(	PUNCT	_	31 started	punct
28	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 cars	amod
29	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 started	nsubj:pass
30	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	31 started	aux:pass
31	started	start	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	26 »	conj
32	by	by	SCONJ	_	33 turning	mark
33	turning	turn	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	31 started	advcl
34	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	35 handle	det
35	handle	handle	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 turning	obj
36	at	at	ADP	_	38 front	case
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 front	det
38	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 turning	obl
39	)	)	PUNCT	_	31 started	punct
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 finds	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
indirect: yes
teacher: changed act=narrate

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	wonder speech: ask in a quote	present	the sign of the Red Lion = sign				vn care-88.1-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	start a condition, not said to happen, in a quote	present	this sort of car			easily property	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
3	find	present	sort				vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
4	have in a quote	past	sort	hold of the handle			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hold=Patient
5	turn in a quote	past · progressive	sort not said here	hold			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme
6	start	past · passive		old cars			vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
7	turn	gerund		a handle	the front		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent handle=Theme
8	sort in a quote			car			nom sort «cognition transitive»: of=patient
9	hold in a quote			the handle			nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:048-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon.lesson:23.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/48-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon/23/