The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, part 4: Mr. Toad (the car in the inn-yard, twenty years, and the deepest dungeon), sentence 32
The castle: «the hollow-sounding drawbridge», «the spiky portcullis» (a heavy gate that drops down), «men-at-arms in casquet and corselet of steel» (helmets and armour), «mastiffs» (big guard-dogs), and «ancient warders … dozing over a pasty».
Who acts: heavy gate, ancient warders · What happens: sound, drop down, doze · To what, where: pasty
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, part 4: Mr. Toad (the car in the inn-yard, twenty years, and the deepest dungeon)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heavy gate, ancient warders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 castle | det |
| 2 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 2 castle | punct |
| 4 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 9 drawbridge | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 drawbridge | det |
| 6 | hollow | hollow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 drawbridge | amod |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 hollow | punct |
| 8 | sounding | sound | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 drawbridge | amod |
| 9 | drawbridge | drawbridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 castle | appos |
| 10 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 9 drawbridge | punct |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 portcullis | punct |
| 12 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 15 portcullis | punct |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 portcullis | det |
| 14 | spiky | spiky | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 portcullis | amod |
| 15 | portcullis | portcullis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 drawbridge | conj |
| 16 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 15 portcullis | punct |
| 17 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 20 gate | punct |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 gate | det |
| 19 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 gate | amod |
| 20 | gate | gate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 portcullis | appos |
| 21 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 drops | nsubj |
| 22 | drops | drop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 gate | acl:relcl |
| 23 | down | down | ADP | _ | 22 drops | compound:prt |
| 24 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 20 gate | punct |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 men | punct |
| 26 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 27 men | punct |
| 27 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 drawbridge | conj |
| 28 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 31 arms | punct |
| 29 | at | at | ADP | _ | 31 arms | case |
| 30 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 29 at | punct |
| 31 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 men | nmod |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 casquet | case |
| 33 | casquet | casquet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 men | nmod |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 corselet | cc |
| 35 | corselet | corselet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 casquet | conj |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 steel | case |
| 37 | steel | steel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 corselet | nmod |
| 38 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 9 drawbridge | punct |
| 39 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 40 helmets | punct |
| 40 | helmets | helmet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 drawbridge | conj |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 armour | cc |
| 42 | armour | armour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 helmets | conj |
| 43 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 40 helmets | punct |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 mastiffs | punct |
| 45 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 46 mastiffs | punct |
| 46 | mastiffs | mastiff | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 drawbridge | conj |
| 47 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 46 mastiffs | punct |
| 48 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 52 dogs | punct |
| 49 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 dogs | amod |
| 50 | guard | guard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 dogs | compound |
| 51 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 50 guard | punct |
| 52 | dogs | dog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 mastiffs | appos |
| 53 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 52 dogs | punct |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 60 dozing | punct |
| 55 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 60 dozing | cc |
| 56 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 58 warders | punct |
| 57 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 58 warders | amod |
| 58 | warders | warder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 60 dozing | nsubj |
| 59 | … | … | PUNCT | _ | 58 warders | punct |
| 60 | dozing | doze | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 drawbridge | conj |
| 61 | over | over | ADP | _ | 63 pasty | case |
| 62 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 63 pasty | det |
| 63 | pasty | pasty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 dozing | obl |
| 64 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 60 dozing | punct |
| 65 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 castle | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- fragment
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=frag
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sound in a quote | gerund | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||||
| 2 | drop down | present | a heavy gate | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | doze in a quote | gerund | ancient warders | a pasty | vn snooze-40.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:048-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon.lesson:32.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R6-punct-agree ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
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