The Wind in the Willows, chapter VIII, part 4: Toad's Adventures (the chase, the tunnel and the night wood), sentence 1

Then the driver hears another engine behind them, and in the moonlight he sees it crowded with warders waving halberds, policemen waving truncheons and detectives waving revolvers, all shouting «Stop, stop, stop!»

Who acts: driver, warders, detectives, all · What happens: hear, see, wave, shout, stop · To what, where: engine, moonlight, halberds, truncheons, revolvers, Stop · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VIII, part 4: Toad's Adventures (the chase, the tunnel and the night wood)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (driver, warders, detectives, all), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 hears	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 driver	det
3	driver	driver	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hears	nsubj
4	hears	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	6 engine	det
6	engine	engine	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hears	obj
7	behind	behind	ADP	_	8 them	case
8	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 engine	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 sees	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 sees	cc
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 moonlight	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 moonlight	det
13	moonlight	moonlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 sees	obl
14	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 sees	nsubj
15	sees	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 hears	conj
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 sees	obj
17	crowded	crowded	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 sees	xcomp
18	with	with	ADP	_	19 warders	case
19	warders	warder	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 crowded	obl
20	waving	wave	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	19 warders	acl
21	halberds	halberd	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 waving	obj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 policemen	punct
23	policemen	policeman	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 halberds	conj
24	waving	wave	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	20 waving	conj
25	truncheons	truncheon	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 waving	obj
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 detectives	cc
27	detectives	detective	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 truncheons	conj
28	waving	wave	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	27 detectives	acl
29	revolvers	revolver	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 waving	obj
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 shouting	punct
31	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	32 shouting	nsubj
32	shouting	shout	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	17 crowded	advcl
33	«	«	PUNCT	_	34 Stop	punct
34	Stop	stop	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 shouting	obj
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 stop	punct
36	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 crowded	conj
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 stop	punct
38	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	36 stop	conj
39	!	!	PUNCT	_	17 crowded	punct
40	»	»	PUNCT	_	17 crowded	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hear	present	the driver	another engine		then	behind supper	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer engine=Stimulus
2	see	present	driver	engine	the moonlight		crowded property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
3	wave	gerund	warders not said here	halberds and policemen				vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent halberd=Patient
4	wave	gerund	warders not said here	truncheons and detectives				vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent truncheon=Patient
5	wave	gerund	detectives not said here	revolvers				vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent revolver=Patient
6	shout speech: express	gerund	all	Stop				vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stop=Topic
7	stop in a quote	infinitive	driver not said here					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
8	stop in a quote	infinitive	driver not said here					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:055-willows-ch8-part4-the-chase-and-the-tunnel.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/55-willows-ch8-part4-the-chase-and-the-tunnel/1/