The Wind in the Willows, chapter VIII, part 4: Toad's Adventures (the chase, the tunnel and the night wood), sentence 2

Toad falls on his knees in the coal and confesses who he is; he says he only «borrowed» a motor-car, but the driver calls him a wicked toad — and still decides to help, because he dislikes motor-cars, bossy policemen and the sight of an animal in tears.

Who acts: Toad, driver · What happens: fall, confess, say, borrow, call, decide · To what, where: knees, motor car, Toad, motor cars, animal · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VIII, part 4: Toad's Adventures (the chase, the tunnel and the night wood)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Toad, driver), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 falls	nsubj
2	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 knees	case
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 knees	nmod:poss
5	knees	knee	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 falls	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 coal	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 coal	det
8	coal	coal	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 falls	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 confesses	cc
10	confesses	confess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 falls	conj
11	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 is	obj
12	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 is	nsubj
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 confesses	ccomp
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 says	punct
15	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 says	nsubj
16	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 falls	parataxis
17	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 borrowed	nsubj
18	only	only	ADV	_	20 borrowed	advmod
19	«	«	PUNCT	_	20 borrowed	punct
20	borrowed	borrow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 says	ccomp
21	»	»	PUNCT	_	20 borrowed	punct
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 car	det
23	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 car	compound
24	-	-	PUNCT	_	23 motor	punct
25	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 borrowed	obj
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 calls	punct
27	but	but	CCONJ	_	30 calls	cc
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 driver	det
29	driver	driver	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 calls	nsubj
30	calls	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 falls	conj
31	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 calls	obj
32	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	34 toad	det
33	wicked	wicked	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 toad	amod
34	toad	toad	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 calls	xcomp
35	—	-	PUNCT	_	38 decides	punct
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	38 decides	cc
37	still	still	ADV	_	38 decides	advmod
38	decides	decide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 calls	conj
39	to	to	PART	_	40 help	mark
40	help	help	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	38 decides	xcomp
41	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 dislikes	punct
42	because	because	SCONJ	_	44 dislikes	mark
43	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	44 dislikes	nsubj
44	dislikes	dislike	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	38 decides	advcl
45	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 cars	compound
46	-	-	PUNCT	_	45 motor	punct
47	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	44 dislikes	obj
48	,	,	PUNCT	_	50 policemen	punct
49	bossy	bossy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	50 policemen	amod
50	policemen	policeman	NOUN	Number=Plur	47 cars	conj
51	and	and	CCONJ	_	53 sight	cc
52	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	53 sight	det
53	sight	sight	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 cars	conj
54	of	of	ADP	_	56 animal	case
55	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	56 animal	det
56	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	53 sight	nmod
57	in	in	ADP	_	58 tears	case
58	tears	tear	NOUN	Number=Plur	56 animal	nmod
59	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 falls	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	Toad			Toad's knees		in the coal	vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on knee=Location
2	confess	present	Toad not said here						vn confess-37.10 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
3	say speech: assert	present	Toad						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	borrow in a quote	past	Toad	a motor car					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Theme
5	call	present	the driver		Toad				vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient
6	decide	present	the driver not said here				still		vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
7	help not said to happen	to-infinitive	the driver not said here						vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent
8	dislike	present	driver	motor cars and bossy policemen and the sight of a animal in tears					vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer car=Stimulus
9	sight			a animal in tears					nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:055-willows-ch8-part4-the-chase-and-the-tunnel.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/55-willows-ch8-part4-the-chase-and-the-tunnel/2/