The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 2: Wayfarers All (the swallows and the call of the South), sentence 28
Talk in this lesson: «nesh» (North England, Midlands) = feeling the cold easily; «arvo» (Australia) = afternoon; «chur» (New Zealand) = thanks, cool; «slay» = do brilliantly; «I'm dead» = that's so funny.
Who acts: you, Africa, that · What happens: talk, feel, slay, do, be · To what, where: nesh, lesson, cold
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 2: Wayfarers All (the swallows and the call of the South)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Africa, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Talk | talk | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 lesson | case |
| 3 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 lesson | det |
| 4 | lesson | lesson | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Talk | obl |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 6 « | punct |
| 6 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 7 nesh | punct |
| 7 | nesh | nesh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Talk | obj |
| 8 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 7 nesh | punct |
| 9 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 11 England | punct |
| 10 | North | North | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 England | compound |
| 11 | England | England | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 nesh | appos |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 Midlands | punct |
| 13 | Midlands | Midlands | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 England | conj |
| 14 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 11 England | punct |
| 15 | = | = | SYM | _ | 16 feeling | punct |
| 16 | feeling | feel | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 1 Talk | conj |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 cold | det |
| 18 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 feeling | obj |
| 19 | easily | easily | ADV | _ | 16 feeling | advmod |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 arvo | punct |
| 21 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 22 arvo | punct |
| 22 | arvo | arvo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Talk | obl |
| 23 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 22 arvo | punct |
| 24 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 25 Australia | punct |
| 25 | Australia | Australia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 arvo | appos |
| 26 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 25 Australia | punct |
| 27 | = | = | SYM | _ | 28 afternoon | punct |
| 28 | afternoon | afternoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 arvo | conj |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 thanks | punct |
| 30 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 31 chur | punct |
| 31 | chur | chur | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 thanks | compound |
| 32 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 31 chur | punct |
| 33 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 35 Zealand | punct |
| 34 | New | New | PROPN | _ | 35 Zealand | compound |
| 35 | Zealand | Zealand | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 chur | appos |
| 36 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 35 Zealand | punct |
| 37 | = | = | SYM | _ | 31 chur | punct |
| 38 | thanks | thanks | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 arvo | conj |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 cool | punct |
| 40 | cool | cool | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 thanks | amod |
| 41 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 43 slay | punct |
| 42 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 43 slay | punct |
| 43 | slay | slay | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Talk | conj |
| 44 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 43 slay | punct |
| 45 | = | = | SYM | _ | 47 brilliantly | punct |
| 46 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 43 slay | conj |
| 47 | brilliantly | brilliantly | ADV | _ | 46 do | advmod |
| 48 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 53 » | punct |
| 49 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 52 dead | punct |
| 50 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 52 dead | nsubj |
| 51 | 'm | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 52 dead | cop |
| 52 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 slay | conj |
| 53 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 52 dead | punct |
| 54 | = | = | SYM | _ | 58 funny | punct |
| 55 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 58 funny | nsubj |
| 56 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 58 funny | cop |
| 57 | so | so | ADV | _ | 58 funny | advmod |
| 58 | funny | funny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Talk | conj |
| 59 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Talk | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | talk | imperative | you not said here | nesh | this lesson | arvo and afternoon and chur thanks obl | vn compel-59.1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent nesh=Patient | ||
| 2 | feel | gerund | you not said here | the cold | easily property | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Theme | |||
| 3 | slay in a quote | infinitive | you not said here | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | do | present | you not said here | brilliantly property | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | is in a quote | present | Africa | dead property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | is | present | that | funny property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:057-willows-ch9-part2-the-swallows.lesson:28.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/57-willows-ch9-part2-the-swallows/28/