The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII, part 1: The Return of Ulysses (dressing for battle, the dark passage and «Good Toad, modest Toad»), sentence 26

The passage was «cold, and dark, and damp, and low, and narrow»; Toad began to shiver, «partly from dread of what might be before him, partly because he was wet through», lagged behind in the dark, then rushed forward so hard «that he upset the Rat into the Mole and the Mole into the Badger».

Who acts: passage, Toad · What happens: be, begin, shiver, lag behind, rush, upset · To what, where: dark, Rat, Mole

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII, part 1: The Return of Ulysses (dressing for battle, the dark passage and «Good Toad, modest Toad»)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (passage, Toad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 passage	det
2	passage	passage	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cold	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 cold	cop
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 cold	punct
5	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 dark	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 dark	cc
8	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 cold	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 damp	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 damp	cc
11	damp	damp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 cold	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 low	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 low	cc
14	low	low	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 cold	conj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 narrow	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 began	cc
17	narrow	narrow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 cold	conj
18	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 cold	punct
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 began	punct
20	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 began	nsubj
21	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 cold	conj
22	to	to	PART	_	23 shiver	mark
23	shiver	shiver	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	21 began	xcomp
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 dread	punct
25	«	«	PUNCT	_	28 dread	punct
26	partly	partly	ADV	_	28 dread	advmod
27	from	from	ADP	_	28 dread	case
28	dread	dread	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 shiver	obl
29	of	of	ADP	_	30 what	case
30	what	what	PRON	PronType=Rel	28 dread	nmod
31	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	34 him	aux
32	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	34 him	cop
33	before	before	ADP	_	34 him	case
34	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 what	acl:relcl
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	40 wet	punct
36	partly	partly	ADV	_	40 wet	advmod
37	because	because	SCONJ	_	40 wet	mark
38	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	40 wet	nsubj
39	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	40 wet	cop
40	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 dread	conj
41	through	through	ADV	_	40 wet	advmod
42	»	»	PUNCT	_	40 wet	punct
43	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 lagged	punct
44	lagged	lag	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 cold	conj
45	behind	behind	ADV	_	44 lagged	advmod
46	in	in	ADP	_	48 dark	case
47	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	48 dark	det
48	dark	dark	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 lagged	obl
49	,	,	PUNCT	_	51 rushed	punct
50	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	51 rushed	advmod
51	rushed	rush	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	44 lagged	conj
52	forward	forward	ADV	_	51 rushed	advmod
53	so	so	ADV	_	54 hard	advmod
54	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	51 rushed	advmod
55	«	«	PUNCT	_	58 upset	punct
56	that	that	SCONJ	_	58 upset	mark
57	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	58 upset	nsubj
58	upset	upset	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	51 rushed	advcl
59	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	60 Rat	det
60	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	58 upset	obj
61	into	into	ADP	_	63 Mole	case
62	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	63 Mole	det
63	Mole	mole	NOUN	Number=Sing	58 upset	obl
64	and	and	CCONJ	_	66 Mole	cc
65	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	66 Mole	det
66	Mole	mole	NOUN	Number=Sing	63 Mole	conj
67	into	into	ADP	_	69 Badger	case
68	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	69 Badger	det
69	Badger	badger	PROPN	Number=Sing	58 upset	obl
70	»	»	PUNCT	_	58 upset	punct
71	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 cold	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	past	the passage				cold property	tree rules
2	be in a quote		the passage not said here					tree rules
3	be in a quote		the passage not said here					tree rules
4	be in a quote		the passage not said here					tree rules
5	be in a quote		the passage not said here					tree rules
6	begin	past	Toad					vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
7	shiver	to-infinitive	Toad not said here				from dread	vn body_internal_states-40.6 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer from dread=Stimulus
8	is in a quote	might				before Toad		tree rules
9	is in a quote	past	Toad				partly, through, wet property	tree rules
10	lag behind	past	the passage not said here		the dark		behind property	tree rules
11	rush	past	the passage not said here			then	forward, hard property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
12	upset in a quote	past	Toad	the Rat	the Mole and the Mole		into the Badger	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus rat=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:070-willows-ch12-part1-the-secret-passage-at-night.lesson:26.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×5, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

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