The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII, part 1: The Return of Ulysses (dressing for battle, the dark passage and «Good Toad, modest Toad»), sentence 27
Badger thought they were attacked from behind and «drew a pistol, and was on the point of putting a bullet into Toad» — but stopped when he saw what had happened.
Who acts: Badger, point · What happens: think, attack, draw, be, put, stop · To what, where: Mole, pistol, point, bullet · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII, part 1: The Return of Ulysses (dressing for battle, the dark passage and «Good Toad, modest Toad»)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Badger, point), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Badger | Badger | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 thought | nsubj |
| 2 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 attacked | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 attacked | aux:pass |
| 5 | attacked | attack | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 thought | ccomp |
| 6 | from | from | ADP | _ | 5 attacked | obl |
| 7 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 6 from | fixed |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 drew | cc |
| 9 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 10 drew | punct |
| 10 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 thought | conj |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 pistol | det |
| 12 | pistol | pistol | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 drew | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 point | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 point | cc |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 point | cop |
| 16 | on | on | ADP | _ | 18 point | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 point | det |
| 18 | point | point | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 drew | conj |
| 19 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 20 putting | mark |
| 20 | putting | put | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 point | acl |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 bullet | det |
| 22 | bullet | bullet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 putting | obj |
| 23 | into | into | ADP | _ | 24 Toad | case |
| 24 | Toad | toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 putting | obl |
| 25 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 10 drew | punct |
| 26 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 stopped | punct |
| 27 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 28 stopped | cc |
| 28 | stopped | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 thought | parataxis |
| 29 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Rel | 31 saw | advmod |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 saw | nsubj |
| 31 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 stopped | advcl |
| 32 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 34 happened | nsubj |
| 33 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 happened | aux |
| 34 | happened | happen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 31 saw | ccomp |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 thought | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | past | Badger | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | attack | past · passive | Mole | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 3 | draw in a quote | past | Badger not said here | a pistol | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pistol=Theme | ||||
| 4 | is in a quote | past | Badger not said here | the point | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | put in a quote | gerund | the point not said here | a bullet | into Toad | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent bullet=Goal | |||
| 6 | stop | past | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||||
| 7 | see | past | Badger | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 8 | happen | past · perfect | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:070-willows-ch12-part1-the-secret-passage-at-night.lesson:27.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/70-willows-ch12-part1-the-secret-passage-at-night/27/