Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How the Whale got his Throat, sentence 15
On the way the Mariner cuts the raft into "a little square grating all running criss-cross", ties it with the suspenders and drags it into the Whale's throat, where it sticks.
Who acts: Mariner, little square, square · What happens: cut, grate, run, tie, drag, stick · To what, where: raft, way, running criss cross, cross, throat
This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How the Whale got his Throat» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mariner, little square, square), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 3 way | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 way | det |
| 3 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 cuts | obl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Mariner | det |
| 5 | Mariner | Mariner | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 cuts | nsubj |
| 6 | cuts | cut | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 raft | det |
| 8 | raft | raft | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 cuts | obj |
| 9 | into | into | ADP | _ | 14 grating | case |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 grating | punct |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 square | det |
| 12 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 square | amod |
| 13 | square | square | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 grating | nsubj |
| 14 | grating | grate | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 cuts | obl |
| 15 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 19 cross | det |
| 16 | running | run | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 cross | amod |
| 17 | criss | criss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 cross | compound |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 criss | punct |
| 19 | cross | cross | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 grating | obj |
| 20 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 grating | punct |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 ties | punct |
| 22 | ties | tie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 cuts | conj |
| 23 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 ties | obj |
| 24 | with | with | ADP | _ | 26 suspenders | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 suspenders | det |
| 26 | suspenders | suspender | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 ties | obl |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 drags | cc |
| 28 | drags | drag | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 ties | conj |
| 29 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 drags | obj |
| 30 | into | into | ADP | _ | 34 throat | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 Whale | det |
| 32 | Whale | whale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 throat | nmod:poss |
| 33 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 32 Whale | case |
| 34 | throat | throat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 drags | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 sticks | punct |
| 36 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 38 sticks | advmod |
| 37 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 sticks | nsubj |
| 38 | sticks | stick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 throat | acl:relcl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 cuts | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=narrate
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cut | present | the Mariner | the raft | the way | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent raft=Product | |||
| 2 | grate in a quote | gerund | a little square | all running criss cross | vn appeal-31.4-1 «NP V NP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus cross=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | run in a quote | gerund | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | tie | present | the Mariner not said here | cross | with the suspenders | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient with suspender=Co-Patient | |||
| 5 | drag | present | the Mariner not said here | cross | the Whale's throat | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 6 | stick | present | square | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:074-justso-whale-throat.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/74-justso-whale-throat/15/