Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How the Whale got his Throat, sentence 20
Real biology: the biggest whales (blue, humpback) have no teeth but baleen, rows of bristly plates in the mouth that sieve tiny shrimp-like krill and small fish out of the water, a bit like a real "grating".
Who acts: biggest whales, mouth · What happens: have, sieve · To what, where: Real biology, tiny krill, water
This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How the Whale got his Throat» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (biggest whales, mouth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 biology | amod |
| 2 | biology | biology | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 have | obl |
| 3 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 6 whales | punct |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 whales | det |
| 5 | biggest | big | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 6 whales | amod |
| 6 | whales | whale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 have | nsubj |
| 7 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 8 blue | punct |
| 8 | blue | blue | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 whales | amod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 humpback | punct |
| 10 | humpback | humpback | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 blue | conj |
| 11 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 8 blue | punct |
| 12 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 14 teeth | det |
| 14 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 have | obj |
| 15 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 16 baleen | cc |
| 16 | baleen | baleen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 teeth | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 rows | punct |
| 18 | rows | row | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 teeth | conj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 plates | case |
| 20 | bristly | bristly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 plates | amod |
| 21 | plates | plate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 rows | nmod |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 mouth | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 mouth | det |
| 24 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 plates | nmod |
| 25 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 sieve | nsubj |
| 26 | sieve | sieve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 mouth | acl:relcl |
| 27 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 krill | amod |
| 28 | shrimp | shrimp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 like | compound |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 shrimp | punct |
| 30 | like | like | ADP | _ | 31 krill | case |
| 31 | krill | krill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 sieve | obj |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 fish | cc |
| 33 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 fish | amod |
| 34 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 krill | conj |
| 35 | out | out | ADP | _ | 38 water | case |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 water | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 water | det |
| 38 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 sieve | obl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 bit | punct |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 bit | det |
| 41 | bit | bit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 sieve | obl:unmarked |
| 42 | like | like | ADP | _ | 46 grating | case |
| 43 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 46 grating | det |
| 44 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 grating | amod |
| 45 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 46 grating | punct |
| 46 | grating | grating | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 bit | nmod |
| 47 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 46 grating | punct |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 biology | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | the biggest whales | Real biology | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient | ||||
| 2 | sieve | present | the mouth | tiny krill and small fish | the water | a bit like a real grating obl:unmarked | vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent krill=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:074-justso-whale-throat.lesson:20.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/74-justso-whale-throat/20/