Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How the Whale got his Throat, sentence 21
Baleen is made of keratin, the same stuff as our fingernails, and whales are born with it; no sailor put it there, and a blue whale's throat is far too narrow to swallow a person.
Who acts: sailor, throat · What happens: make, bear, put, be, swallow · To what, where: Baleen, whales, person
This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How the Whale got his Throat» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sailor, throat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Baleen | baleen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 made | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 made | aux:pass |
| 3 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 keratin | case |
| 5 | keratin | keratin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 made | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 stuff | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 stuff | det |
| 8 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 stuff | amod |
| 9 | stuff | stuff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 keratin | appos |
| 10 | as | as | ADP | _ | 12 fingernails | case |
| 11 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 fingernails | nmod:poss |
| 12 | fingernails | fingernail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 stuff | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 born | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 born | cc |
| 15 | whales | whale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 born | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 born | aux:pass |
| 17 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 made | conj |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 it | case |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 born | obl |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 put | punct |
| 21 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 22 sailor | det |
| 22 | sailor | sailor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 put | nsubj |
| 23 | put | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 made | conj |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 put | obj |
| 25 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 23 put | advmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 narrow | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 narrow | cc |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 whale | det |
| 29 | blue | blue | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 whale | amod |
| 30 | whale | whale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 throat | nmod:poss |
| 31 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 30 whale | case |
| 32 | throat | throat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 narrow | nsubj |
| 33 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 narrow | cop |
| 34 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 36 narrow | advmod |
| 35 | too | too | ADV | _ | 36 narrow | advmod |
| 36 | narrow | narrow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 made | conj |
| 37 | to | to | PART | _ | 38 swallow | mark |
| 38 | swallow | swallow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 narrow | advcl |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 person | det |
| 40 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 swallow | obj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 made | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present · passive | Baleen | of keratin | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 2 | bear | present · passive | whales | with baleen | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | put | past | no sailor | baleen | there | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent it=Goal | |||
| 4 | is | present | a blue whale's throat | far, narrow property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | swallow | to-infinitive | a blue whale's throat not said here | a person | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:074-justso-whale-throat.lesson:21.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/74-justso-whale-throat/21/