Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How the Whale got his Throat, sentence 22
Whales are mammals, not fish: they breathe air through a blowhole and feed their babies on milk.
Who acts: Whales, mammals · What happens: be, breathe, feed · To what, where: mammals, air, blowhole, babies, milk
This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How the Whale got his Throat» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Whales, mammals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Whales | whale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 mammals | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 mammals | cop |
| 3 | mammals | mammal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 breathe | parataxis |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 fish | punct |
| 5 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 6 fish | advmod |
| 6 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 mammals | conj |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 breathe | punct |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 breathe | nsubj |
| 9 | breathe | breathe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 breathe | obj |
| 11 | through | through | ADP | _ | 13 blowhole | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 blowhole | det |
| 13 | blowhole | blowhole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 breathe | obl |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 feed | cc |
| 15 | feed | feed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 breathe | conj |
| 16 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 babies | nmod:poss |
| 17 | babies | baby | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 feed | obj |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 19 milk | case |
| 19 | milk | milk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 feed | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 mammals | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Whales | mammals and fish | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | breathe | present | mammals = mammal | air | a blowhole | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme | |||
| 3 | feed | present | mammals = mammal not said here | mammals's babies | milk | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:074-justso-whale-throat.lesson:22.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/74-justso-whale-throat/22/