Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 3: How the Rhinoceros got his Skin, sentence 3
The Parsee takes his revenge: he rubs the skin full of stale, tickly cake-crumbs, and when the Rhino buttons it back on, it itches so badly that he rubs against the palm tree until his skin is pushed into great folds.
Who acts: Parsee, Rhino, skin · What happens: take, rub, button, itch, push, revenge · To what, where: revenge, skin, palm tree, great folds
This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 3: How the Rhinoceros got his Skin» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Parsee, Rhino, skin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Parsee | det |
| 2 | Parsee | parsee | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 takes | nsubj |
| 3 | takes | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 revenge | nmod:poss |
| 5 | revenge | revenge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 takes | obj |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 rubs | punct |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 rubs | nsubj |
| 8 | rubs | rub | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 takes | parataxis |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 skin | det |
| 10 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 rubs | obj |
| 11 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 skin | amod |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 crumbs | case |
| 13 | stale | stale | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 crumbs | amod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 stale | punct |
| 15 | tickly | tickly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 crumbs | amod |
| 16 | cake | cake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 crumbs | compound |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 cake | punct |
| 18 | crumbs | crumb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 full | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 itches | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 itches | cc |
| 21 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 24 buttons | advmod |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 Rhino | det |
| 23 | Rhino | Rhino | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 buttons | nsubj |
| 24 | buttons | button | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 itches | advcl |
| 25 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 buttons | obj |
| 26 | back | back | ADV | _ | 27 on | advmod |
| 27 | on | on | ADV | _ | 3 takes | advmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 itches | punct |
| 29 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 itches | nsubj |
| 30 | itches | itch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 takes | conj |
| 31 | so | so | ADV | _ | 32 badly | advmod |
| 32 | badly | badly | ADV | Degree=Pos | 30 itches | advmod |
| 33 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 35 rubs | mark |
| 34 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 rubs | nsubj |
| 35 | rubs | rub | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 badly | ccomp |
| 36 | against | against | ADP | _ | 39 tree | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 tree | det |
| 38 | palm | palm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 tree | compound |
| 39 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 rubs | obl |
| 40 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 44 pushed | mark |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 skin | nmod:poss |
| 42 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 pushed | nsubj:pass |
| 43 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 pushed | aux:pass |
| 44 | pushed | push | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 rubs | advcl |
| 45 | into | into | ADP | _ | 47 folds | case |
| 46 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 folds | amod |
| 47 | folds | fold | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 pushed | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 takes | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | present | the Parsee | Parsee's revenge | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent revenge=Theme | ||||
| 2 | rub | present | Parsee | the skin | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent skin=Theme | ||||
| 3 | button | present | the Rhino | skin | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | ||||
| 4 | itch | present | skin | badly property | vn pain-40.8.1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | rub | present | Rhino | the palm tree | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent against tree=Destination | ||||
| 6 | push | present · passive | Rhino's skin | great folds | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme into fold=Destination | ||||
| 7 | revenge | Parsee | nom revenge «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:076-justso-rhinoceros-skin.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/76-justso-rhinoceros-skin/3/