Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 1 (the game goes into the forest), sentence 1
A man with a bow and arrows hunted there with him, until the hunted animals had had enough: led by the long-legged Giraffe, they ran away to a great forest full of stripy, speckly shadows.
Who acts: man, hunted animals, animals · What happens: hunt, have, lead, leg, run away
This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 1 (the game goes into the forest)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, hunted animals, animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 man | det |
| 2 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 hunted | nsubj |
| 3 | with | with | ADP | _ | 5 bow | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 bow | det |
| 5 | bow | bow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 man | nmod |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 arrows | cc |
| 7 | arrows | arrow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 bow | conj |
| 8 | hunted | hunt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 8 hunted | advmod |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 him | case |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 hunted | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 had | punct |
| 13 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 18 had | mark |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 animals | det |
| 15 | hunted | hunt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 animals | amod |
| 16 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 had | nsubj |
| 17 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 had | aux |
| 18 | had | have | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 hunted | advcl |
| 19 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 18 had | advmod |
| 20 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 21 led | punct |
| 21 | led | lead | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 had | xcomp |
| 22 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 Giraffe | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 Giraffe | det |
| 24 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 legged | amod |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 long | punct |
| 26 | legged | leg | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 Giraffe | amod |
| 27 | Giraffe | giraffe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 led | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 ran | punct |
| 29 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 ran | nsubj |
| 30 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 hunted | parataxis |
| 31 | away | away | ADV | _ | 30 ran | advmod |
| 32 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 forest | case |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 forest | det |
| 34 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 forest | amod |
| 35 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 ran | obl |
| 36 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 forest | amod |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 shadows | case |
| 38 | stripy | stripy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 shadows | amod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 stripy | punct |
| 40 | speckly | speckly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 shadows | amod |
| 41 | shadows | shadow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 full | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 hunted | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hunt | past | a man with a bow and arrows | there | with Leopard | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | hunt | participle | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | have | past · perfect | the hunted animals | enough property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | lead | participle | the hunted animals not said here | by the legged Giraffe | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by giraffe=Destination | ||||
| 5 | leg | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 6 | run away | past | animals = animal | to a great forest result; away property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to forest=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:077-justso-leopard-spots-1.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/77-justso-leopard-spots-1/1/