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Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 1 (the game goes into the forest), sentence 0

Long ago the Leopard lived on the bare, hot, sandy High Veldt, and he was exactly the same sandy-yellow-brown as the ground, so he could lie by a stone and jump out on the Giraffe, the Zebra and the antelopes before they saw him.

Who acts: Leopard, antelopes · What happens: live, be, lie, jump out, see · To what, where: bare hot sandy High Veldt, Leopard

This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 1 (the game goes into the forest)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Leopard, antelopes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

advmodadvmoddetnsubjcasedetamodpunctamodpunctamodamodoblpunctccnsubjcopadvmoddetamodamodpunctamodpunctconjcasedetoblpunctadvmodnsubjauxparataxiscasedetoblccconjadvmodcasedetoblpunctdetconjccdetconjmarknsubjadvclobjpunctrootLongADVagoADVtheDETLeopardPROPNlivedVERBonADPtheDETbareADJ,PUNCThotADJ,PUNCTsandyADJHighADJVeldtPROPN,PUNCTandCCONJhePRONwasAUXexactlyADVtheDETsameADJsandyADJ-PUNCTyellowADJ-PUNCTbrownADJasADPtheDETgroundNOUN,PUNCTsoADVhePRONcouldAUXlieVERBbyADPaDETstoneNOUNandCCONJjumpVERBoutADVonADPtheDETGiraffePROPN,PUNCTtheDETZebraPROPNandCCONJtheDETantelopesNOUNbeforeSCONJtheyPRONsawVERBhimPRON.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1LonglongADVDegree=Pos2 agoadvmod
2agoagoADV_5 livedadvmod
3thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art4 Leoparddet
4LeopardleopardPROPNNumber=Sing5 livednsubj
5livedliveVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
6ononADP_14 Veldtcase
7thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art14 Veldtdet
8barebareADJDegree=Pos14 Veldtamod
9,,PUNCT_8 barepunct
10hothotADJDegree=Pos14 Veldtamod
11,,PUNCT_10 hotpunct
12sandysandyADJDegree=Pos14 Veldtamod
13HighhighADJDegree=Pos14 Veldtamod
14VeldtveldtPROPNNumber=Sing5 livedobl
15,,PUNCT_26 brownpunct
16andandCCONJ_26 browncc
17hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs26 brownnsubj
18wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin26 browncop
19exactlyexactlyADV_26 brownadvmod
20thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art26 browndet
21samesameADJDegree=Pos26 brownamod
22sandysandyADJDegree=Pos26 brownamod
23--PUNCT_22 sandypunct
24yellowyellowADJDegree=Pos26 brownamod
25--PUNCT_24 yellowpunct
26brownbrownADJDegree=Pos5 livedconj
27asasADP_29 groundcase
28thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art29 grounddet
29groundgroundNOUNNumber=Sing26 brownobl
30,,PUNCT_34 liepunct
31sosoADV_34 lieadvmod
32hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs34 liensubj
33couldcouldAUXVerbForm=Fin34 lieaux
34lielieVERBVerbForm=Inf5 livedparataxis
35bybyADP_37 stonecase
36aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art37 stonedet
37stonestoneNOUNNumber=Sing34 lieobl
38andandCCONJ_39 jumpcc
39jumpjumpVERBVerbForm=Inf34 lieconj
40outoutADV_39 jumpadvmod
41ononADP_43 Giraffecase
42thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art43 Giraffedet
43GiraffegiraffePROPNNumber=Sing39 jumpobl
44,,PUNCT_46 Zebrapunct
45thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art46 Zebradet
46ZebraZebraPROPNNumber=Sing43 Giraffeconj
47andandCCONJ_49 antelopescc
48thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art49 antelopesdet
49antelopesantelopeNOUNNumber=Plur43 Giraffeconj
50beforebeforeSCONJ_52 sawmark
51theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs52 sawnsubj
52sawseeVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin39 jumpadvcl
53himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs52 sawobj
54..PUNCT_5 livedpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
narrate
voice
narrator
polarity
none
teacher
kept the draft
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1livepastthe Leopardthe bare hot sandy High Veldtago propertyvn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on veldt=Location
2ispastLeopardas the ground; brown, exactly propertytree rules
3liecouldLeopardby a stonevn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by stone=Location
4jump outinfinitiveLeopard not said hereon the Giraffe and the Zebra and the antelopes; out propertyvn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on giraffe=Trajectory
5seepastantelopes = antelopeLeopardvn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:077-justso-leopard-spots-1.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×5. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

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