Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 1 (the game goes into the forest), sentence 20
Real biology: the "rock-rabbit" is the rock hyrax, a small furry animal of African rocks which, oddly, is a distant relative of the elephant; the Quagga, a half-striped zebra named in the story, died out in 1883.
Who acts: rock rabbit, African rocks, Real biology · What happens: be, name, die out · To what, where: rock hyrax, distant relative, striped zebra, story
This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 1 (the game goes into the forest)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rock rabbit, African rocks, Real biology), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 biology | amod |
| 2 | biology | biology | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 died | nsubj |
| 3 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 hyrax | punct |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 rabbit | det |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 rabbit | punct |
| 6 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 rabbit | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 rock | punct |
| 8 | rabbit | rabbit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 hyrax | nsubj |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 rabbit | punct |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 hyrax | cop |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 hyrax | det |
| 12 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 hyrax | compound |
| 13 | hyrax | hyrax | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 biology | appos |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 animal | punct |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 animal | det |
| 16 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 animal | amod |
| 17 | furry | furry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 animal | amod |
| 18 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 hyrax | appos |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 rocks | case |
| 20 | African | African | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 rocks | amod |
| 21 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 animal | nmod |
| 22 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 relative | nsubj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 which | punct |
| 24 | oddly | oddly | ADV | _ | 26 is | advmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 relative | punct |
| 26 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 relative | cop |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 relative | det |
| 28 | distant | distant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 relative | amod |
| 29 | relative | relative | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 rocks | acl:relcl |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 elephant | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 elephant | det |
| 32 | elephant | elephant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 relative | nmod |
| 33 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 Quagga | punct |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 Quagga | det |
| 35 | Quagga | quagga | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 biology | conj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 zebra | punct |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 zebra | det |
| 38 | half | half | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 40 striped | compound |
| 39 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 38 half | punct |
| 40 | striped | stripe | ADJ | _ | 41 zebra | amod |
| 41 | zebra | zebra | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 Quagga | appos |
| 42 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 zebra | acl |
| 43 | in | in | ADP | _ | 45 story | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 story | det |
| 45 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 named | obl |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 biology | punct |
| 47 | died | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 48 | out | out | ADP | _ | 47 died | compound:prt |
| 49 | in | in | ADP | _ | 50 1883 | case |
| 50 | 1883 | 1883 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 47 died | obl |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 biology | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the rock rabbit | the rock hyrax | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | African rocks | a distant relative | of the elephant | tree rules | |||
| 3 | name | participle | a striped zebra not said here | the story | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | die out | past | Real biology and the Quagga | in 1883 | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in 1883=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:077-justso-leopard-spots-1.lesson:20.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/77-justso-leopard-spots-1/20/