Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 2 (One, two, three, and where's your breakfast?), sentence 3

The hunter presses his five fingertips all over the Leopard, leaving little marks in groups, and now the Leopard can look like pebbles, rocks or sunlight through leaves; the old saying "Can the leopard change his spots?" comes from here, says Kipling.

Who acts: hunter, Leopard, old, saying, Kipling · What happens: press, leave, look, saying, change, come · To what, where: five fingertips, little marks, groups, spots · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 2 (One, two, three, and where's your breakfast?)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hunter, Leopard, old, saying), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 hunter	det
2	hunter	hunter	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 presses	nsubj
3	presses	press	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 fingertips	nmod:poss
5	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 fingertips	nummod
6	fingertips	fingertip	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 presses	obj
7	all	all	ADV	_	10 Leopard	advmod
8	over	over	ADP	_	10 Leopard	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Leopard	det
10	Leopard	leopard	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 presses	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 leaving	punct
12	leaving	leave	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 presses	advcl
13	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 marks	amod
14	marks	mark	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 leaving	obj
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 groups	case
16	groups	group	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 leaving	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 look	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 look	cc
19	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	23 look	advmod
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 Leopard	det
21	Leopard	leopard	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 look	nsubj
22	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	23 look	aux
23	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 presses	conj
24	like	like	ADP	_	25 pebbles	case
25	pebbles	pebble	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 look	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 rocks	punct
27	rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 pebbles	conj
28	or	or	CCONJ	_	29 sunlight	cc
29	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 pebbles	conj
30	through	through	ADP	_	31 leaves	case
31	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 look	obl
32	;	;	PUNCT	_	3 presses	punct
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 saying	det
34	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 saying	nsubj
35	saying	saying	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 comes	nsubj
36	"	"	PUNCT	_	40 change	punct
37	Can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	40 change	aux
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	39 leopard	det
39	leopard	leopard	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 change	nsubj
40	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	35 saying	appos
41	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	42 spots	nmod:poss
42	spots	spot	NOUN	Number=Plur	40 change	obj
43	?	?	PUNCT	_	40 change	punct
44	"	"	PUNCT	_	40 change	punct
45	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 presses	conj
46	from	from	ADP	_	47 here	case
47	here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	45 comes	obl
48	,	,	PUNCT	_	49 says	punct
49	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 presses	conj
50	Kipling	Kipling	PROPN	Number=Sing	49 says	nsubj
51	.	.	PUNCT	_	49 says	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed form=decl, act=assert, voice=narrator

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	press	present	the hunter	hunter's five fingertips			over the Leopard	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fingertip=Theme
2	leave	gerund	the hunter not said here	little marks	groups			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent mark=Theme in group=Location
3	look	can	the Leopard			now	like pebbles and rocks or sunlight; through leaves	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent through leaf=Theme
4	saying		old					tree rules
5	change in a quote	can	the leopard	hunter's spots				vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spot=Patient
6	come	present	the saying					vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from here=Initial_Location
7	say speech: ask	present	Kipling					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:078-justso-leopard-spots-2.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/78-justso-leopard-spots-2/3/