Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child, part 1 (What does the Crocodile have for dinner?), sentence 21
Real places and creatures: the Limpopo is a real river in southern Africa; fever trees are real yellow-barked trees of wet ground, named long ago because people near them caught fever (malaria) from mosquitoes; the African rock python is Africa's biggest snake.
Who acts: Limpopo, fever trees, people, African rock python · What happens: be, bark, name, catch · To what, where: real river, southern Africa, real barked trees, fever, biggest snake
This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child, part 1 (What does the Crocodile have for dinner?)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Limpopo, fever trees, people, African rock python), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 places | amod |
| 2 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 creatures | cc |
| 4 | creatures | creature | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 places | conj |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 river | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Limpopo | det |
| 7 | Limpopo | Limpopo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 river | nsubj |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 river | cop |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 river | det |
| 10 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 river | amod |
| 11 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 places | parataxis |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 Africa | case |
| 13 | southern | southern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 Africa | amod |
| 14 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 river | nmod |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 trees | punct |
| 16 | fever | fever | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 trees | compound |
| 17 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 trees | nsubj |
| 18 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 trees | cop |
| 19 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 trees | amod |
| 20 | yellow | yellow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 barked | compound |
| 21 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 20 yellow | punct |
| 22 | barked | bark | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 trees | amod |
| 23 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 river | parataxis |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 ground | case |
| 25 | wet | wet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 ground | amod |
| 26 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 trees | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 named | punct |
| 28 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 trees | acl |
| 29 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 30 ago | advmod |
| 30 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 28 named | advmod |
| 31 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 35 caught | mark |
| 32 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 caught | nsubj |
| 33 | near | near | ADP | _ | 34 them | case |
| 34 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 people | nmod |
| 35 | caught | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 named | advcl |
| 36 | fever | fever | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 caught | obj |
| 37 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 38 malaria | punct |
| 38 | malaria | malaria | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 fever | appos |
| 39 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 38 malaria | punct |
| 40 | from | from | ADP | _ | 41 mosquitoes | case |
| 41 | mosquitoes | mosquito | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 caught | obl |
| 42 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 51 snake | punct |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 python | det |
| 44 | African | African | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 python | amod |
| 45 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 python | compound |
| 46 | python | python | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 snake | nsubj |
| 47 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 51 snake | cop |
| 48 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 51 snake | nmod:poss |
| 49 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 48 Africa | case |
| 50 | biggest | big | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 51 snake | amod |
| 51 | snake | snake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 trees | conj |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 23 trees | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the Limpopo | a real river | southern Africa | tree rules | |||
| 2 | bark | participle | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | is a | present | fever trees | real barked trees and Africa's biggest snake | of wet ground | tree rules | |||
| 4 | name | participle | real barked trees and Africa's biggest snake not said here | ago property | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | catch | past | people near trees | fever | from mosquitoes | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent fever=Theme from mosquito=Source | |||
| 6 | is a | present | the African rock python | Africa's biggest snake | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:079-justso-elephants-child-1.lesson:21.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/79-justso-elephants-child-1/21/