Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, part 1: a carp-fish's mouth, a tail, an egg and a snake, sentence 10

Tegumai says: «I had to pay two deerskins, soft ones with fringes, to the Stranger-man for the things we did to him.» Taffy: «We didn't do anything», it was Mummy and the other Neolithic ladies, and the mud.

Who acts: Tegumai, we, secret · What happens: say, have, pay, do, not do, be · To what, where: two deerskins, things, Tegumai, anything, Mummy · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, part 1: a carp-fish's mouth, a tail, an egg and a snake» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tegumai, we, secret), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tegumai	Tegumai	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 had	punct
5	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 had	nsubj
6	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 says	ccomp
7	to	to	PART	_	8 pay	mark
8	pay	pay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 had	xcomp
9	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 deerskins	nummod
10	deerskins	deerskin	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 pay	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 ones	punct
12	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 ones	amod
13	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 deerskins	conj
14	with	with	ADP	_	15 fringes	case
15	fringes	fringe	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 ones	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 man	punct
17	to	to	ADP	_	21 man	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 man	det
19	Stranger	Stranger	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 man	compound
20	-	-	PUNCT	_	19 Stranger	punct
21	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 had	obl
22	for	for	ADP	_	24 things	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 things	det
24	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 man	nmod
25	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	26 did	nsubj
26	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	24 things	acl:relcl
27	to	to	ADP	_	28 him	case
28	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 did	obl
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	21 man	punct
30	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct
31	Taffy	Taffy	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	parataxis
32	:	:	PUNCT	_	37 do	punct
33	«	«	PUNCT	_	37 do	punct
34	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	37 do	nsubj
35	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	37 do	aux
36	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	37 do	advmod
37	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 says	advcl
38	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	37 do	obj
39	»	»	PUNCT	_	37 do	punct
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	43 Mummy	punct
41	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	43 Mummy	nsubj
42	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	43 Mummy	cop
43	Mummy	Mummy	PROPN	Number=Sing	37 do	parataxis
44	and	and	CCONJ	_	48 ladies	cc
45	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	48 ladies	det
46	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	48 ladies	amod
47	Neolithic	neolithic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	48 ladies	amod
48	ladies	lady	NOUN	Number=Plur	43 Mummy	conj
49	,	,	PUNCT	_	52 mud	punct
50	and	and	CCONJ	_	52 mud	cc
51	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	52 mud	det
52	mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 Mummy	conj
53	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Tegumai				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	have in a quote	past	Tegumai			to the Stranger man for the things	tree rules
3	pay in a quote	to-infinitive	Tegumai not said here	two deerskins and soft ones with fringes			vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deerskin=Asset
4	do in a quote	past	we	the things not said here	Tegumai		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality
5	not do in a quote	past · do-support	We	anything			tree rules
6	is a	past	secret	Mummy and the other Neolithic ladies and the mud			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:087-justso-alphabet-1-a-carp-fishs-mouth.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/87-justso-alphabet-1-a-carp-fishs-mouth/10/