What is everything made of?, sentence 16

Rubbing a balloon on a jumper moves electrons onto the balloon, so it becomes charged and can cling to a wall; on a damp day the water in the air lets the charge leak away, so the trick works badly.

Who acts: Rubbing, water, charge, trick · What happens: rub, move, charge, cling, let, leak away · To what, where: balloon, jumper, electrons, charge

This is a sentence of the lesson «What is everything made of?» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rubbing, water, charge, trick), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rubbing	rub	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 moves	csubj
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 balloon	det
3	balloon	balloon	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Rubbing	obj
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 jumper	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 jumper	det
6	jumper	jumper	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Rubbing	obl
7	moves	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 charged	advcl
8	electrons	electron	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 moves	obj
9	onto	onto	ADP	_	11 balloon	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 balloon	det
11	balloon	balloon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 moves	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 moves	punct
13	so	so	ADV	_	16 charged	advmod
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 becomes	nsubj:pass
15	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 charged	aux:pass
16	charged	charge	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 cling	cc
18	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 cling	aux
19	cling	cling	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 charged	conj
20	to	to	ADP	_	22 wall	case
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 wall	det
22	wall	wall	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 cling	obl
23	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 charged	punct
24	on	on	ADP	_	27 day	case
25	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 day	det
26	damp	damp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 day	amod
27	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 lets	obl
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 water	det
29	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 lets	nsubj
30	in	in	ADP	_	32 air	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 air	det
32	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 water	nmod
33	lets	let	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 charged	parataxis
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 charge	det
35	charge	charge	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 lets	obj
36	leak	leak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	33 lets	xcomp
37	away	away	ADV	_	36 leak	advmod
38	,	,	PUNCT	_	42 works	punct
39	so	so	ADV	_	42 works	advmod
40	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	41 trick	det
41	trick	trick	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 works	nsubj
42	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 charged	parataxis
43	badly	badly	ADV	Degree=Pos	42 works	advmod
44	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 moves	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rub	gerund		a balloon	a jumper			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent balloon=Theme on jumper=Destination
2	move	present	Rubbing	electrons	the balloon			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent electron=Theme onto balloon=Trajectory
3	charge	present · passive						vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»
4	cling	can					to a wall	vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to wall=Co-Theme
5	let	present	the water in the air	the charge		day		tree rules
6	leak away	infinitive	the charge not said here				away property	vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source
7	work	present	the trick				badly property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chemistry:001-what-is-everything-made-of.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/1-what-is-everything-made-of/16/